Which of these is a possible type of person or category of person involved in a business buying center?

The five main roles in a buying center are the users, influencers, buyers, deciders, and gatekeepers . In a generic situation, one could also consider the roles of the initiator of the buying process (who is not always the user) and the end users of the item being purchased.

What is an example of a secondary source of data that a business can obtain internally?

It can also come from within an organization itself. Sources of internal secondary data might include: Sales reports . HR filings.

What two metrics are used in the BCG portfolio analysis to evaluate the various products of a firm?

The BCG Growth-Share Matrix uses a 2x2 grid with growth on one axis and market share on the other. Each of the four quadrants represents a specific combination of relative market share and growth : Low Growth, High Share: Companies should milk these cash cows for cash to reinvest elsewhere.

Is a type of reseller a business that buys from other businesses but does not significantly alter the form of the products it buys?

Distributors A type of reseller or marketing intermediary that resells manufactured products without significantly altering their form. Distributors often buy from manufacturers and sell to other businesses like retailers in a B2B transaction.

What are the three types of B2B buyers?

4 Types Of B2B Buyers The Economic Buyer. The Economic Buyer's biggest concern is to boost return on investment and stay within or under budget. ... The User Buyer. The User Buyer is mainly concerned with the overall customer experience and the impact of the operation. ... The Technical Buyer. ... The Coach Buyer. Nov 24, 2015

What are the factors to consider when buying goods and services?

Choosing the right product or service requires careful consideration of various factors. You can make an informed decision that aligns with your needs and expectations by evaluating the quality, functionality, pricing, customer support, reputation, compatibility, and security .

What is the BCG matrix also known as?

The Boston Consulting Group Matrix (BCG Matrix), also referred to as the product portfolio matrix , is a business planning tool used to evaluate the strategic position of a firm's brand portfolio. The BCG Matrix is one of the most popular portfolio analysis methods.

What is the BCG matrix technique used for analyzing quizlet?

the Boston consulting group matrix is a marketing tool for analyzing the product portfolio of a business . It shows wether products have high or low market share and operate in high or low market growth industries.

What is the BCG model also known as?

The Boston Consulting group's product portfolio matrix (BCG matrix) is designed to help with long-term strategic planning, to help a business consider growth opportunities by reviewing its portfolio of products to decide where to invest, to discontinue, or develop products. It's also known as the Growth/Share Matrix .

What is it called when you sell products to other business rather than the final consumer?

Wholesaling Businesses Sell products to other businesses rather than the final customer.

What is it called when a company sells one or more products under its own brand name s )?

A product line is a group of connected products marketed under a single brand name by the same company. Firms sell multiple product lines under their various brand names, often differentiating by price, quality, country, or targeted demographic.

What are the three types of resellers?

Types of resellers Wholesaler. A wholesaler is usually a big organization that offers to buy a company's product and sell it to retail outlets. ... Retailer. The retailer buys products from the wholesaler or distributor and sells those products in small quantities to customers. ... Distributor. Jun 24, 2022

Who is involved in the purchase decision within the buyer's buying center?

Buying Center Participants What They Do Technical Influencers Consults regarding technical issues. Financial Influencers Consults regarding financial issues. Decider Makes the final yes or no decision. Champion Advocates for the seller within the purchasing organization (typically from the purchasing organization).

What is a gatekeeper in buying center?

A gatekeeper is like a filter of information. He is the one the marketer has to pass through before he reaches the decision makers. Understanding the role of the gatekeeper is critical in the development of industrial marketing strategies and the salesperson's approach.

What is an example of a buying center?

The professors who form a committee at your school to choose textbooks are acting like a buying center. Buying centers are groups of people within organizations who make purchasing decisions. Large organizations often have permanent departments that consist of the people who, in a sense, shop for a living.

Darnell Considered All Sporting Goods Stores To Be Roughly Equivalent In Most Ways; However, He Considered Dick’s Sporting Goods Stores To Have An Exceptional Level Of Customer Service. Customer Service, Therefore, Would Be Considered A _______

1. - DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, ENVIRONMENT, AND RELATED ...

[House Hearing, 113 Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] INTERIOR, ENVIRONMENT, AND RELATED AGENCIES APPROPRIATIONS FOR 2015 ...

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2. Proposed estuarine sanctuary grant award for Apalachicola Bay and ...

~FLORIDA AIM O GROUP OF ARCHIVES FWRIDA TEAft UNIVERSITY EDUCATION EDUCATION AND HISTORY AREA RESOURCES USERS COtf4ERICAL SEAFOOD OYSTER SPORT SPORTMAN'S ...

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3. [PDF] Riparian ecosystems and their management - USDA Forest Service

Two outstanding individuals, both with advanced degrees in science and law, contributed to the success of the conference--Bruce Babbitt, Governor of Arizona, ...

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4. WorldBankGroupArchivesFolder... - Public Documents | The World Bank

... you again soon. If you have any more problems of this nature, please feel free to call me, as I would be most happy to advise you. Very truly yours, ~t-.-1 ...
THE WORLD BANK GROUP ARCHIVES PUBLIC DISCLOSURE AUTHORIZED Folder Title: Lower Burma Paddyland Development Project - Myanmar - Credit 0642 - P003343 - Correspondence - Volume 1 Folder ID: 1168572 Project ID: P003343 Dates: 1/18/1976 – 2/18/1976 Fonds: Records of the East Asia and Pacific Regional Vice Presidency ISAD Reference Code: WB IBRD/IDA EAP Digitized: 2/27/2018 To cite materials from this archival folder, please follow the following format: [Descriptive name of item], [Folder Title], Folder ID [Folder ID], World Bank Group Archives, Washington, D.C., United States. The records in this folder were created or received by The World Bank in the course of its business. The records that were created by the staff of The World Bank are subject to the Bank’s copyright. Please refer to http://www.worldbank.org/terms-of-use-earchives for full copyright terms of use and disclaimers. THE WORLD BANK Washington, D.C. © International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / International Development Association or The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org BtITtMA - Cr 642 BA Vol .-~~-- ...._- ~ -- ~ -- ~ - - I 1168572 R1986-051 Other #· E862( 99818 Lower Burma Paddyland Development Project - Myanmar - Credit 0642 - P003343 • Correspondence - Volume 1 \ DECLASSIFIED WITH RESTRICTIONS WBG Archives -- FORM NO. 635 (7-74) RECORDS MANAGEMENT SECTION I i J CJ 12.. 1e ' I· • I I .... "I- ' ,- i' ·,:. r- _:.... . .1~~ i· .~.. ::'"·:·. ..: ; :. f . ._ r' ~ ... ~ "". ~. '" ... .. .. .. ;- l..rl • ', ' - ill"'.·~'~~ •.. :., ... i, ,,., •• ·_..J .. ~ ... •• '-:Ji'' .. - .,, -~, . ,. .... ..' , - ..... -#''t- .· ......- - r ........ ,. ,j • ..,;a r • ..,. . ---~.,._. I "' I·~•- . . ··,: ... .... --·< I ' .~·: .. ~1'~} -~ ~ ... - ... 1."'i - • I • UJi,. ·1 . ~ J ... ..-·''I'.. . .• • ~ - 'c ·,-i: ... 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'-,t -,.'. :~ ,. • - •' • .. .':,r; · , .(',-~ ' • • •'~ :..'- ,: ·,~\ • '• -• '• /:'/ ..r.~··.~ ••' l1 • r • -,,-'l ~.... 't't·. J ~ f_·. - . .!:.:t ,J. t . r.;.... --- ·. . ' .. • -f.~, S - I. • , r' --.. f J ·, ··, - +-~ .... .. • - .' - . - - ..,._ • r • J -,~-· ' ~ .r r.... • .. "/;-- ...,,,...- Ir~ t'; :... S, ·r: -.. ...., - • • • L ' ....,.. • .. • ' ..._ -1. ~i:"!i,''I. '. "".. ' , --! '. :"s' ~" - '. :°' '""- ,. ' ··. .. ,·' I. , " I •(' I - ·.,'"~~:; ~ .. ""-~ ' _,..t.,.. :-=t:, ~ ·, ' ~ .. .' ~:.. I. I , - ; ',., =, .. ·, '\-~ ... ' • • • V. .-: '<' . r-.- ' ·1- ~ ~ -w , ,6,,r' .~. 1 • !,, . . .., I ~ - •- ,.·.., J t. ~- J~........ I...: ',"'. If,,_ 1 ,P.,1 • • ;1 • -- ( I.. • r _ .. -- l. -. a J _. j..~ ; • • .c, v-· - .h •.. -~ ,r ,' .,- •• - • t .. I '1 1 • 1 ~·- .. Jt { ,· ·' ""· cci · • & '4 .... . .,, ..._ ... 1r - .. .,.-. ... , ... ~ -- ....... 1 ...:: 11• ' .. rt. - ,· i ... ("· -:.,, , ... . •J>- ,.. J fll .J ~ , ,J . r. ~ ' ~ - ,( ,..... . I I 1,c' .. .,.... •• '"·· ) : .J -t ·. l ' ,I- II .. r t- J ,-. r Ill~- ._ •• -, . ~ ,:- !' Ii - .- ·- -, . - :.1,. - ~ '" ..,. - ,.. • I , . SllinisfrJ! af J\.gri,nltur, anb Jf oruts D.O. No.9.9.§!! ...5L?.JL'Z5( 32 5 /76 ) Mr. K. Pranich Division Cbie:f Irrigation Division South Asia Projects Department Inter.national Development Association Washington, u.s.A. Dear Mr. Pranich, Thank you for your letter and compliments of December 29, 1975. It is our pleasure to endeavour to give our :f'u.11 cooperation to .all your Bank Missions, and happy to learn that the appraisal Mission do really appreciate our endeavour. The Ministry of Agriculture and Forests concurs with the suggestions elaborated in your letter items (a), (b), (c) and (d) regarding defrayillg the operation and maintenance costs at an adequate level and recovery of project capitel costs. Cb rural credit, I have not yet received a dra.1't annex on agricultural credit for Nyaunggyat Dam project feasibility study prepared by Mr. K.c. Cheriyan of the FAO/IBRD cooperative Program in Rome; however I hope Mr. K.c. Cheriyan will be bringing along with him copies of his draft annex on agricultural credit for Nyaunggyat Dam Project when he visits Buima. Then we shall discuss with him regarding his recommendations and put up to the Government for its response• • , U Ko Ko Lay of Union Bank of Bu:rma. (.Agriculture credit Bank Division) is already in an advance stage in prepe.ratian of rural credit scheme to be submitted to the Board for decision. As regards agriculture extension program to be applied in the whole of five tovinships project areas, the Ministry of .Agriculture and Borests has already approved the draft extension programe prepared by U Ba HD.in and Ur. Auscher. I herewith enclose two copies of the said approved extension programme. ,. ... I am aim.ailing a copy of a map prepared joint:cy by tbe Departments and corporations along with this letter for inclusion in the appraisal report. \Vith wannest regards and best canpliment e of the season. Yours sincerely, ~~ Director General. > \ ( KHIN MAUNG LATT' ) • • J' Jan ·11' _, > 1')?6 ,, o t I ·~t.. VEHA/\HT NO 7 ONE R~G2ET WITH \I IRf'.:L I~DO ~ES it ECO~O~ IC THRE E F'OR nows RE L IBEJ; IA FOJ?EST:-?Y ORG 1 NTZ/:1 T IO!!!:L STUJ Y Cot•:: :/\ JEt, lY?IFTH SIOP FOR 'i~ HILLi'\ J ~AJ/\H T?ETU~tlHlG T\• ·JUM? Y FLI GHT us2r·3 F~o;.J SIO t·i Z U~DP. UGG DU!: AR R IV[ 2/'.rl GOO '.J Z3 J A ~ BAMGJ(O ,: STOP FO~ RO\'!£ .. ~ P ·:' I ST; il FOF:t ST;;Y Z U?3?.UGG t!OU FOR L r .::n r A fi I ss IO :! t.,iQ RJ( COO'.m I M/\ J l Oi. ;-""\ ... • r-, \. )->- . .: : .~ :'-'-· -· PARTICIP Xfi:: DISCL'.]SI0·1 9 TO 1·1, :- ?.T1 U,':l1Y I::CL~ 0I:1G or :c~1.:;s1o;J ... . •, . ~ . ;,;- ·. : . ·: • - . .. . - ' _ .. ,,.,o 0 l U, S') THi''f EVEflTUAL co :m~:rfs COUL) [;[ C!\ Bt. r.·D BZ'ftJ~:.N 2G 1i',:D 30 ! t' I Tr { C) ~ PA l1 TI CI? h IS I il DI ~CU S ~IO,, n~ Dr~CC A 8 TO l 3 !l n: CH 1'il E: ~F0ft 7 P:10VISI0N.-'LLY SC C:DULI!)G Ill 1 F r.O'.·l ~ : 1.£1.! C'.f TO E:!D Of . . ... -·. '\ i ,-, ·J '~ 1~ ~ _ N JJ...,,..,_ ~~ ~ ,....,, PIIRT IC IPA I!.'.'. SP HJ J{S ii I SSIG t.l O~J 23 FED]~ U/\ f: Y FOR f [OUT ..l:Vl) lE~J{S Hl JANUARY BUT {\IM I\T ORISSA rn EARLY F"EER UARY STOP UILL . , () ( 1 - ~~)_ \~ o· . ....-t:; .,. \ J..<: C-,<..,_ ~ \ \ ~---"-- ~ -ss.~_,_,, . ~ECltLISI 3Y MI0 FE q RUARY WHO WOULD ~E AVAILABLE THROUGH 1'1'-\RCH SIOP GRATEFUL FOR FIP.i1 D,'J:;~s BhtlGLJ,DESH ·\ : • I , /.· . - . EIGHT EASTF.::=::·J F'OO:JGRirns ASSAM FO~ su;:rnowss l!OCO:·i3!: UOULD APPHECI11T:.: C0PIES . H/l.RRIS0tl Vi~t·:O 'fO FILES :7I:1ST DEC~:·13~R /\.l!) . REPORT HIS VI S IT 15 TO 20 D~CE'.:u~H CITZ!) I!~ YOUR BTO 16 D~C~I:;:J :::R STOP COULD IT BE H/dlDC{\~~I E: !1 ?L~/':S2 STOP rn.::T~LCO'.l PRIOR TO ASSMl AS DI SC u..,s~D STOP HOWZVE. Dr:G:1EE: IN\JOLVE;iI::!H NINE LOl·.'S!i BU,.t~Pi\DDYLfl.iE) P!~OJECT R~t·J YC,-.3 3L7 C, f5:RIYAN(" VISIT ~~.J:_ :,,~---~...,._ ,,.,,., >'' TO 8Ui'fiA POSTPO 'l::': D DU::: D2:L.'\Y I[l OCThI. 1 I:!G VIS.t. ... T0 ° iW•: PHOPOSltlG Cl!E::.IYr~N VI ~;JT BUHil/1 !'19 f f 8:1 UARY t.FT EH CO!:PL:::TIUG - - -- -- WOl~J( I N snr LANl STOP f·WW Vi~OFOSFlG Cl i~:::"iIY, ~J VISIT DUntl. i11D F'Ei1~ il! :: Y /.FT£1 cc:: LS lir!G UO i{i( HJ SRI L, t) l '- - - - - - - - 1 REFERENCE: c:. . .Bv~c BURMA - LOOER BURMA PADDYLAND DEV. PROJECT 1~----~For.:.;._Us~e : . ., ~om ~ ~ m uijli 4i=.:t~ ~ ns~Se .;io~ on' - - - - - ~ ~ct~i~ ORIGINAL (File Copy) (IMPORTANT: See Secretaries Guide for preparing form) L Checked for Dl1patch: - - - - - - - - - - - - - e I 1• ~· • - . f .. . . r .-/.·· -.. . ~ "1 • . ~. .rf"4 ~: _.. ;: ~ I , . • :1l • r • .:.·. - .. . r e0 ··,. . ~., ., .. •· • .~•I •' .. . ., ( ·,· ;, ., . . . i, L', .. • \ - ., - 1 Mr • TT veraart , Agr1.c • ul ture and n.. .. -al uu.· velop ent January 6, 1976 • ... - "T • • - r - - ! , .. ~ . Pranich, :~ -~ ~, .... Telex to FAO/CP, Ro e ; fr ·, .... r1 . : ~ f,. j: would be grateful if you could send th - • J 'ttachea dr £it ppraisal . • I - _.. , . .:.a. ~ reports d the following t lex to FAO/CP, Ro e: . ~~. -· r= ·~ " ' ; ~ i ~ 'i-: ' ... - •• I I ,II "" -.t~··~- r:r FOR JONES ONE BURMA PADDYLAND PROJECT HAVE CABLED u.,..KHIN . 'MAillfil - UTT -c F 0 CHERIYAN ARRIVAL AOOUT MID JANU RY STOP ASKED, FOREIGN MINISTRY CABLE t. . I "' ) • I • . ~ ~~- ,r.' . ,• r .a i'' . ROME . EMBASSY EARLY ISSUANCE OF VISA:, AND U CO ~Y..,.COLIEC! :CR:EDIT DA.TA FO ~ ~ 1- . . . . ,.r 1, ..1 ' ~- =. FIVE PADDYLA.ND p ECT TOWNSHIPS AS ~UESTED sroP CHERIYAN PLEASE CABLE - ,.... I • -.:. r - ' 'I" Iii • • .._ I UNG nATT DIRECT ON ARRiv. L TIME •.. i , ·' · 0 MAHAWELI GANGA AND TANK MODERNIZA'fI!) , }:'HdJECTS STOP DRAFT r '-'" • • I r.... APHlAISAL REIDRTS POUCHED AS .REQUESTED STOP GAl~i .; D· BRIDGE TO BE IN COLOMB) JANUARY 17 ro 31 FOR FOLLO -UP APPRAISAL STOP c~ IOULD MISSION AT INTERCONTINENTAL HOTEL STOP REGARDS CONTACT _ r ' • .J •, :- r .. "' .... , ' PRANICH • . }.I Enclosures .:. .. ~ ~ :,/ I• .. '"' J I PCGarg:hw ., .... _., :.. cc: essra. Shibusawa, Sp 11, Chang _.- ·.r a..J,i.- T ... ... 'l . . ..r I ~ .,.. ~ • p • .... .. T ... .. I -1 ..• . I, I ~- "" ., . .. . ~. ' INTERNATIONAL OEVEL ~ ASSOCIA TION W, NT I RECONSTRUCT INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR ... IO ANO OEVELOPMEN iW' INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORA Tl ON OFFICE MEMORANDUM TO: Mr. M. Veraart DATE: January 6, 1976 FROM : William H. Spall, Chief, ASPAD ,, ' SUBJECT: Cable to FAO/CP :__> I shall be grateful if yon will include the following in your next cable to R001e. REU~AB 347 ITEM TM) BUIMA NYANGGYAT AND SRI LANKA CREDIT WE ARE COOCERNED AT PIDPOSED TlNING OF SRI LANKA CREDIT MISSION STOP PRE..VIOUSLY AGREED CHERIYAN SHOULD GO TO BURMA FOR ABOUT ONE WEEK !u.'ID TI-I:EN PROCEED SRI LANKA WITH MISSION STOP DISCUSSIONS WITH ECI POSTPONED UNTIL MID MARCH AND SINCE SUCH DISCUSSIONS WILL FOCUS ON ENGINEERING AND AGRICULTURE ASPECTS CHERIYAU'S PARTICIPATION DE.EM.ED UNNECESSARY S'K>P GRATEFUL YOU RESCHEDULE SRI L.Ai'lKA C!tEDIT MISSION FOR MID JANUARY Al'lD MAKE I T MISSION NOT JUST DISCUSSIONS .DF - S.M~A . ~~ '""" ,< o~. - cleared with and cc: Mr. Pr~ch I WHSpall:je ..' 4400S13 13iW U~ I '''-<:<,,.\, ~ ~ • ·-, ~ . ,.. L. " l'.'l....,--_.. - m b ~ ~ - ({cl l<.~,- ,:./n·.;(l~A ,,_:~--:f. I "C 1. O:·a :u 1. ',L ·,X ~ :C Oi f'. ii.one r-_ f ,I sd < 68304 FOO DAGR i ( ,-- --. r,x . . ., ~-- ' 'u ' " ). ---:pa,'-.~ . 7 L;J~~;' ,,.~:1 ~ ..JI . NO 3 4 7 F O VE RAART / f f} 1 /'tfstributi ,:m : 0,f/ L~ I., - • . " _ .; ~<..c,u ,/ ONE ORI SSA FO OD GRAINS fENN RE QUIR~D ~ !NA l / P ~ N Agri c. :c ~ra.l Dev . /,J/ ,.K')\l, .kv1J~ - f OR TWO IO THR.EE WE £ KS ! N FEB RU ARY u... ~_i"O P GRATE F U a, . ~~'° .L / {/ {.J,({ ~ ~ . - : J·. / _()' 0 (' :.JRGEtJT CO.lF IR l-~A TlON HI S FfRM TI MING AND TOR PAK ISTA N ~-~ SECTOR ST UDY H '0 . . BUR MA NY AW:: GYA 1 / AND · SR I LANK A CR ED IT STOP CHER I YAN ' 7~~~ PROCEEDI NG BU RMA EARL IE ST POSSIBLE SUBJECT ONLY AVAILABILITY :S-~: 'S,~ ...........: .._,._,..,._ VISA STOP GRA TEFUL THEREFORE YOU REQUEST U KO LAY TO COLLECT DATA FOR flVE TO~NSHIPS LO WER BURMA PADDY L AND - PROJ ECT Sl.~!L P. R TO DAT A PRESENTED IN NYANGGY AT CREDlT ANNEX ST'G? DAT A TO BE AVAILABL E FOR CHERIYAN NOT LATER THAN JANUARY 15 STOP CHERIYAN PROPOSES CO NTINUE TO SRI I LANKA AFTER .....__ __ . - BUR~A 10 LIAISE WI TH MAHAJE LI GANGA SU PERVISION I A1'i u 1 0 U l ' CUSS PO S S 1BL E C RE D I T P RO J ECT VI I TH GO VE.RNME NT ,,-,· / " STOP HE Will THE~ RETUR~ ROME FOR DISCUSS IO NS NYANGGYA T WITH / ~ ..,. ~-,__.. -- , r- -· EC I S TOP S R I l AN KA CRE D1T . MI S S I ON THEN SCH~ DUL E D FOR I{\} , (.!, <). { t,. .:. ' : FEBRUARY BUI SUBJECT TO OUTCOME OF DISCUSSIONS WITH ~ I - - VERNM~~T sT a-? .·G i·-:i°E:FuL --,:-o' u-·Poucl1 MAHA·:1EL i" GANGA APP RA I SAL- --·· · REPORT ANO CA SLE SUPERVISION MISSION CONTACT ADDRESS COLOMBO • L - •' -• \l ~A, -~~~ i TH REE RYL NO 3~ OF NOVELlBER FIVE CONFIR M SIMEON ARRIVES WA SH lN GT O~J J At ' UARY Hi EL VE TWA 8 9 1 ST OP GRATEFUL YOU RESERV~ ~........i-- o._~0:k"-~. . ' -\ - 0 '~ 0 1.-" / t, HOTEL AC COM"r\OGATIC.' ANO CONFIRM - -\'.V '" FOUR ORISSA FOJOGr .:.tNS HAVE R,ECC!VED llOvAKS BTO AND Of. EWE S COMl'iENTS STOP GR/T:FIJL i\C::CEIVE EG BERTS BIO FOR FURTHER !H YOU = , lo .ao X 2 ..sier way of indoor assembly nieet. in gs. It is -econ\rr,ended th~.t: a certc.~.in nuntbcr o f ..Ca:cmer.s sl-iculd be 'TilJ age coi.rnc:i1 rr,entbcr.s . 2. As a conplec:c separat .i.on of fun-::1:ions w~.1 1 tal:e pJ ace b~ t ween the Procureme,!t c1.Pd Bx'..:e!",~,i.on Jines of c0m- mand , V . J ~.Hs wil l be r e .liL:Vf'· of al.l ciccount.i.ng and ·epo:::-t.ir;g chor2s ,..,::iich acLl:c:.lly deal w.i. th proci;:i.:ement J_ and supply o.~ inputs, _ p lanning of y i ,?J.ds ,md qnotas. /2 2. 3. The tendency of attaching ad..'1linistrative tasks to V.E.Ms work is jeopardising tlte whole system and should be ruled out. 4. The proposed staffing ~enbers relate only to V.E.Ms vs. the actual strengtL which deals with both Procurement and Extensio!'l V.E.Ms. The 1:rnnual increase in the number of farm families in the project areas is negligible, meaning approximately one additional V.E.M. for each of the six years of the Project. We agreed wi t.'1 u Ba Huin on all the proposed figures and according to him, strengthening of the staff will face no difficulties. 5. Our views on Items l, 2 and 3 are quite identical. 6. Actually there is only one research worker in the whole Division. The man is a paddy specialist, located at Myanqmya engaged in research on a part-time basis, and managing ::he seed fann w:i t.h the assistance of two tech- Our propo"'al to u Khin Hawng, Research General Manager was to strengthen Research by one Plant Protection Specialist to Le located at I'.lyangmya in order to cope with increase of Plant 'Protection problems to be expec- ted with the intensification of the Paddy Crop and introduction of new vari8t.ies. Another researcL worker , nn AgronomD,t speci.alised in Water Managtnnent should be located in the Lower Delta where soil and wa·ter condi-Lions are strikj ngly differen t from those prevalent in Myangmya (Upper Delta ) . The latter should concentrate on watering requirements of crops and not on the Engineexing aspects of irrigation. ~·~his idea was principa lly acc epted by iJ Khin Mawng , as well as by the Deputy Manager of the National Research Centre , being sub j ect to the e,1pprovc.tl of the GE:nera l Manager of the Centr E:. Two promjsing young r esearch workers could he easily earmarked and trained . Salaries for ·i:.wo research workers have been included in the Budget . /3 • 3• . 7. Identification of impact points should be carried out cooperatively by Subject Matter Specialists and Research workers. As subject Matt,sr Specialists are still sparse, I urged u Ba Huin to appoint an able assistant who should start right away with preparation of impact points. 8. Plant Protection sq112.ds being .i.n charge of Regulatory and Executive ,;unctio11s should not be ir,tegrated into the Extension set-up . I en j oyed very much the days we spent together in Burma. Kindly c onvey my best regards to Ted Hunting. A happy New Year . Form No. 27 (3-70) INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL FINANCE ASSOCIATION RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION OUTGOING WIRE TO: FOODAGRI DATE: DECEMBER 30, 1975 CLASS OF TELEX SERVICE: (Ext. 4643) COUNTRY: TEXT: Cable No.: FOR ALLEN JONES RE LOWER BURMA PADDIAND DEVELOPMENT PROJECT AAA WE HAVE REVIEWED CHERIYAN'S .ANNEX ON AGRICUL'IURAL CREDIT FOR BURMA NYAUNGGYAT e DAM PROJECT REPORT AND AGREED WITH HIS PROPOSALS FOR IMPROVING THE PRESENT RURAL CREDIT SYSTEM S'IOP THESE PROPOSALS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE 'IO PADDYLAND PROJECT APPRAISED BY BANK IN OC'IOBER BBB WOULD GREATLY APPRECIATE IF YOU AGREE 'IO LET CHERIYAN . S'IOP IN BURMA FOR A:OOUT ONE WEEK ON vAY 'IO SRI LANKA 'IO FOLIDWUP AND SEEK GOB AGREEMENT ON HIS PROPOSALS THAT THESE PROPOSALS BE APPLIED ALSO 'IO THE PADDYLAND PROJECT. THIS PROJECT SCHEDULED FOR BOARD PRESENTATION END THIS FISCAL YEAR . APPRECIATE URCAB REPLY 'IO ENABLE US TO INFORM GOB OF HIS VISIT . REGARDS AND HOLIDAY SEASON GREETINGS . PRANICH NOT TO BE TRANSMmED AUTHORIZED BY: CLEARANCES AND COPY DISTRIBUTION: NAME K. Pranich , Irrigation Division cc : Messrs . Veraart, Picciotto , SpaJJ., Chang , Shibusawa DEPT. Asia Projects KPranich :ccb REFERENCE: ORIGINAL (File Copy) (IMPORTANT: See Secrelariea Guide for preparing form) Checked for D i s p a t c h : - - - - - - - - - - - - I 75 D C ':t O P 7: 25 C MMU ICATIO S SECTIO . ':I Decemoer 29, 1975 tt: th ( ) lo cov: • (b) ••• 2 u hin • ung Iatt - 2 - ce:nber 29, 1975 (c) ke project f er ware that they- paying for project O & H and c pital repayment, se te s ess . t could b de for e ch ind.iv! al r er, :in proportion to, as part o:£, but not in ddition to tbsir co lsory ddy procure ent quot s. d it t t ci one t bolish th quota procure t syst , t es s d cost r overy char e ould then be co cted directly. This should not be problem, be use he f s uld c lly be paying ss than the lied taxation under the p ddy procure- t syste • (d) I would like to point out that t abo vie of t.he appraisal ssion, s you Imo, are subject to approv: l ·or change by our age ior to project negotiation. You 7 vish, however, to trans t t info tion to the Co ittee awain d by the Ministry to recommcmcia tions on t e probl of ter c es. , . ••• J -- .. , U Khin ung Iatt - 3 - December 29, 1975 involved th project, and (b) you would send us the draft extension progra jointly prepared by U Hnin and Mr. uscher, when it is approved by the Government . I hope that th se will b sent to us in the near futur • · The :mission had also request d be.fore its departure that Departments and Corpor tions concerned jointly prep re p showing the boundary of the f'i~ townships, the boundary of each project mbanlanent, and loc tions of TC-1 paddy buying st tions, AC fertilizer godowns, AC jute buying stations, AC research stations and central s and :fi) tractor stations and ork- shops in these to :ps. I shall ppreciate very much if th map would be airmailed to us as soon as possible for inclusion 1n the appraisal report . 1th w regards . Sincerely yours, Kanok Franich Division Chief Irrigation Division South Asia Proj cts Depart ent HTChang:nb cc: Mr . E. Hunting Div. File Cleared and cc to: Mr. Colliou I- .. ' j • ,...~ ~i - ..I . ~ ._..,_ .J- """ ~ .=.-.·. ' '.··~ - .,. J • . . 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Y:-;Es. rt ?REU.l\1f. er RC:::>LY Sfl\T!JS M/1.lJY TH1~ IKS F,..." 1 . M SSIOJ. .. t I ', _ /I 7' '--\ , : ,: .: .' ·. , . .... .: , ' . . . .. .. ,·: .' . . . ... ---- ., • I -- · - - t,H·.... ~,z, 1:1v,. !l ~'_·,u:·a ..A.~:in· i .· ·· :· : :·. . :. ~t ·.:.·· • . • ·:. _.,: : ·: .... , / ·,· . ... \ ··~· · . . . . . . . ... ·.'·..• • ••• '\'#"····· • .. . .. • ·.• ,' .• . •. • ... · . . . '! •·. . L ., ' ' • • •. • • • • • ,:, ...... ,\, o: •• • I ~ ' ' • o :; , . : ,.:.., J t : I A.., i p ," <) i ~ i: , r. ./ 0./ J ; ' .·· ,. . ·,· \ ..... . . : . .. . •,. .. ~. . . · . ,.. • .. • ' . . .. ' rr 1)f. - 0-e,_. J~ !9?S DRAFT OFFICE MEMORANDUM TO : Mr. Chariyan FROM K. · Pranich, Division Chief, Irrigation Div. South Asia Projects Dept. SUBJECT BURMA - IDwer Burma Paddy Land Development Project Appraisal Rural Credit Component .. Follo\'.J-up 'ferms of Reference .1 • . . You should_ arrive Rangoon on or about Januahy , 1976 to cifscuss . further with the Government on the rural credit componeut of the above project. Your mission will be guided by two documents: A. Draft A!lnex 7.' for . the feasibility report of .Nyaunggyat Dam Irrigation I'r0ject prepared by yourself . B. Working Paper II attached to a memorandwn from the Paddyland Project . appraisal mission to U Khin Maung IAtt dated November 11, 1975. 2. Specifically, you should follow up on the following~ I A. The status of preparatory work for establishing the Burma Agricultural Bank after Parliamental approval of the. legislation in early November, 1~75. B. The status of Government deliberation of the changes to be made in various aspects of the rural credit program in Burma proposed by you in document 1A above, and consensus reached between all agencies concerned: the UBB, TC-1, AC, AMD, MAF and Ministry of Finance and Planning~· · C. GOB acceptance in adopting the same changes in the faddyland Project. D. Answers to information requested. in document 1B which are not covered in document lA • • I C:i I e 2 • E. Arrangement for recruiting and training of staff needed for (1) inventory and setting the outstand:ing qverdue debts by potential borrowers' and (2) operating the ', revamped rura l credl~ system in the project area. 3. The work is estimated to take about days in Rangoon; you sh:>uld be ready to leave Burma on or about 1976. Distribution Messrs. Gilmartin, Pilvin, Shibusawa, Pr~ich ·~ "'· -~ DRAFT e e ~ Sinha,Colliol f l ..a., ' ., • cember 17, 197 5 0 .· , . . -p TO: See Distribution l ·~ M~ ~ - j ~ _)/ FROM: A. H. Shil;msawa (]WA . ~ 1)./J ~ f ; SUBJECT: Bu:cma-Lower Burma Paddyland Development Project ..Ji. . f' · JO -.J:At Decision Memorandum .,,f\' )t-P'"" ~ ~ ·~~5~ 1. A decision meeting was held on ~ecember 17, 1975 to discuss the Issues Paper dated December 8, 1975. The meeting was attended by J~ ftMW Messrs. Shibusawa, Jansen, Colliou, Rajap~tirana and Sinha from South ~ Asia Programs, Messrs. Franich, Chang and Hunting from South Asia ~ Zoj.~c;,~, Mr. Rotes from CPS and Mr. Shu~le (consultant). / : //~~JJ . 2. The meeting di scussed the i~sues related to the proposed project~~- a project which would provide flood protection and ?rainage to about 185,000 net acres of agricultural land in 11 polders of Lower Burma Delta region. The proje~t would involve construction of . 390 miles of flood protection embarlan~r ts; impro emcnt of 900 miles of drai~age channel; construction of water control structure on channels; land clearing an~ settlement of 6,500 landless families on about 65,000 ·acres of reclaimed land; pro- vision of ~onstruction, farm, workshop, transport and hydrological mea- surement equipment, establishment of full time agriculture extension ser- vicf;!.; provision of storage facilities; .a nd technical assistance. The project would benefit about 20,000 families and increase annual rice pro- duction by about 90,000 tons and jute by about 6,000 tons earning $27 million ln foreign e~change a year. The project would . have a 25% rate of return and has the poten tial of being replicated to cover 1 million acres of potential paddyland in Lower Burma. • • 11 2 - e I Project Cost and Financing 3. The project would cost US$40-45 million of which ! US$22-25 million would be in foreign exchange. The decision meeting endorsed the issues paper recommendation for a credit· of US$25.0 million eq~ivalent for the proposed project. Paddy Procurement System 4. . The present procurement system under which tne farmer has to sell a portion of his paddy production to government at below market prices - was discussed. It was not ed that with the 50% increase of procurement prices in July,1974, .the farmer now has sufficient incentives. to pr9duce more. However, to ensure that this incentive doe8 not get eroded in the future, it was decided that a covenant in the draft credit agreement would require that the borrower periodically review the procurement price of paddy to ensure that the farmers would have adequate incentives. The borrower would also undertake to keep IDA informed about the res ults of such review. Project Cost Recovery 5. An analysis of the present procurement system reveals that the increase in Government's revenues resulting from increased procurement in the project area would cover several times .both the capital cost and O&M costs. The system is also progressive in the sense that larger farmers would contribute proportionately more to government's revenues than the smaller farmers. Even with this level of cost recovery, the residual income of farmers with average holdings will go up by about 70%, thereby giving sufficient incentives to the farmers for cooperating with the project • .... - · 'I e - 3 -- e I . In view of this it was decided that the following recommendations of the appraisal mission be accepted: (a) No additional collections be made from the farmers for project cost recovery, and gove~nroent would appropriate ., from its annual budget the f4ll O&M costs and capital re- ,I covery. I I (b) To make project farmers aware that they are paying for j, the project O&M and capital repayment, a separate assess- ruent could be made for each individual farmer, in pro- ·e portion to, as a part of, but not in addition to th~ir I compulsory paddy' procurement quotas. When and if the government decides one day to abolish the quota procure- .; ment system, the assessed cost recovery charges would then be collected directly. This should not be a problem, be- cause the , farm~r? would actually be paying much less than what they would be taxed under the paddy procurement system. 1 (c) Assurance be obtained that the Government would appropriate e adequate funds from its annual budget for the Irrigation ' . ' Dep~rtment t o cover satisfactory O&M costs and would devise a detailed plan for the realization of capital recovery from a designated reliable category of revenue. Rural Credit 6. A small proportion of the credit (~S$2 million, i.e., about 8%) would be used for providing credit to farmers, mainly for power tillers and 'I .. ... ·, e e e e I ; 4 tractors. The government of Burma is at present restructuring the I rural credit system under a new organization called Bu,=ma ~ricultural Bank (BAB). It was decided that the Staff should continue to maintain a dialogue with the government on this point. Also, at · the time of negotiations . ·, assurance will be sought that BAB would adopt agricultural credit terms and conditions acceptable tort, medium and long-term credits. The legislation is yet to be signed into law, new bank management staff is yet to be appointed, and detailed operation and management procedures have yet to be worked out. IDA would be involved in providing low lift pumps, power tillers and tractors under the project. These would be sold to farmer groups in the project area on medium term credit, but the earliest need for loan disbursement to farmers (for low-lift pumps) would not arise until the fall of 1977. Assurance should be sought that BAB liOuld adopt agricultural credit terms and conditions acceptable to IDA. Distribution Messrs. van der Tak (S), Chittleburgh, Yudelman (S), Gulhati, Bowron, Williams/Perera, Amerasinghe (2), Cargill, Gilmartin, Street, van der Mel, van der Meer, Picciotto, Perry, Blobel, Pilvin, Nakamura, Shibusawa, Pranich Asia Files HTChang/EDHunting:nb Table 1 BURMA COMPULSORY PADDY QUOTA DELIVERIES (baskets paddy) 1 basket paddy = 46 lbs Yield {baskets/ ac2 Sown Area 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 (ac) 2 4 4 4 5 6 6 12 18 5 8 11 30 48 65 83 101 119 8 16 47 80 112 142 174 205 234 ~~ 33 75 117 159 199 241 282 324 50 100 150 200 249 299 349 398 15 80 147 215 281 347 414 481 547 18 107 187 268 348 427 507 587 667 20 126 216 307 397 486 576 666 756 25 171 283 396 508 621 733 846 958 30 216 351 486 621 756 891 1,026 1,161 50 396 621 846 1,071 1,296 1,521 1,746 1,971 60 - 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 2 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 5 137 155 173 191 209 227 245 263 281 8 265 296 328 359 390 421 452 484 515 10 365 407 448 490 531 573 614 656 697 12 448 498 548 598 647 647 747 797 847 • 15 614 681 748 814 881 948 1,015 1,081 1,148 748 828 908 988 1,068 1,148 1,228 1,308 1,388 846 936 1,008 1,116 1,206 1,296 1,386 1,476 1,566 25 1,071 1,183 1,273 1,408 1,521 1,633 1,746 1,858 1,971 30 1,296 1,431 1,539 1,701 1,836 1,971 2,106 2,241 2,376 50 2,196 2,421 2,601 2,871 3,096 3,321 3,546 3,771 3,996 Effective October 1975 Table 2 BURMA IOWER BURMA PADDYLAND DEVELOPMENT PROJECT Project Rent (Preliminary) (10 ac Farm) Without Compulsory Quota With Compulsory Quota w w w w (K) (K) (K) (K) Gross Income 3,050 7,480 2,540 5,630 1/ Certainty Equivalent- 2,750 7,100 2,290 5,350 Costs of Production Material Inputs -380 -900 -380 -900 Animal Labor 2/ -500 -600 -500 -600 Hired labor 37 -250 -1,300 -250 -1,300 Family Labor-'JI -1,550 -2,170 -1,550 -2,170 -2 ,680 -4,970 -2,680 -4,970 Net Income 70 2,130 -390 380 Management Fee -10 -210 -10 -210 Net Farm Income 60 1,920 -400 170 Incremental Income 1,860 570 PROJECT RENT (per ac ) 186 (100%) Portion Retained by Farmer 57 ( 30%) Portion taken by Compulsory Quota Tax 129 ( 70%) 1/ Without the project, 90% of Gross Income; with the project, 95% of Gross Income. g/ Animal labor costs based on current cash hire rate of K 5 par bullock per day. 'JI Hired and family labor valued at the market wage rates of KS per day at present and K 7 per day after full development when landless labor supply in relation to demand will be substantially reduced. Note: W - Future without the proposed project W - Future with the project after full development. . . Table 3 LOWER BURMA PADDYLAND DEVELOPMENT PROJECT Increases in Prozect Production & GOB Revenue Preliminary) YEAR 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 198 8 1989 LAND PROTECTED, DRAINED, & CLEARED 185 · (000 ac.) 0 0 20 43 81 81 185 185 185 185 185 185 185 J UTE PRODUCTION (000 lg tons) 2.2 2.2 3.3 2.5 2.9 3.7 4.7 5.8 6.8 7.5 7.9 8. 1 8.2 8.2 PADDY PRODUCTION (000 lg tons) 69 ,:,9 71 77 89 109 136 165 192 211 223 228 230 230 IN CREASE IN GOB PROCUREMENT C~ /g tons) - TE 0 0 •1 .3 .7 1.4 2.4 3.4 4.3 5.0 S.4 5.6 S.7 5.7 - PADDY 0 0 2 7 16 32 54 77 98 114 123 127 129 129 I ADDITIONAL GOB EXPORT REVENUES 1/ GROSS F.E. (US$ M) 0 0 .3 1 3 s 9 13 17 19 21 21 22 22 LESS COSTS £1 K M) .o (1 •6) (15) (1 2) (26) (43) (61) (78) (91) (98) (101) (102) (102) LESS O & M ( KM) 0 (.3) (. 7) ( 1) (2) (J) (3) (J) (3) (J) (3) (3) (J) (3) LESS CAPITAL REPAYMENT ( KM) ( .3) (.7) ( 1 ) (2) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (J) 3/ - 1.6 -- - 10 -- - - - 1723 27 31 -32 - 33 -33 N- EVENUE - (K M) 0 0 0 0 3 1/ Estimated in constant Dollars (December 1975) using fob prices of US$2JO per metric ton of rice and US$423 per metric ton of jute based on IBRD forecasts of 1985 World Market prices. g/ TC-1 and AC procurement payments and costs for milling, handling and transporting the production increases. 'di Net revenue when valuing gross Foreign Exchange earnings at the official exchange rate of US$1 = K 6.5. C 18 s ~ ~~ LI\N\ol t>w . AAZCZC 248424 ~~-~. Y B492 RMF'6211 FRQ5894 HKR877 F'H759 RNH671 fl'[,Al2/3 I l5Df -3 11 ID: 04 URWT CY BMR 107 F RANGOO 107/95 3 1800 BMA GOV I D 3, 1975 ETAT tf1 PRAtJICH I DEVAS - S .I GTO - DC 127/00SII (.) EFYRTEL OF 2 INSTA T E PADDY PROJECT STOP Cl) TOTAL LA lD AR A (2) CULTIVABLE AREA (3) CULTIVATED LA~D A EA IN ACRES AD (4) TOTAL ~ 1 ER OF FARM FA ILIES BY TOJ SHIP ARE AS FOLLO S , A • (1) ~94095 (2) 64941 (3) 167874 (4) 30478 STOP e PYAPO J Cl) 216173 (2) 45354 (•) 127292 (4) 10504 STOP LAPUTT Cl) f-.77326 (2) 101887 (3) 177943 (4) 19926 STOP G PUTAW Cl) ~ 8678 (2) 97209 (3) 181829 C) 21516 TOP BOGALE (1) 715792 (2) 658544(3) 207564 (4) 22184 STOP LETTER FOLLOJS STOP REGARDS AGRIVI Form No. 27 (3-70) INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL FINANCE ASSOCIATION RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATIO OUTGOING WIRE TO: UK MAUNG LATT DATE: NOVEMBER 24, 1975 MINISTRY AGRICULTURE AND FORESTS CLASS OF SERVICE: LT / M- RANGOON (Ex:t. 4643) COUNTRY: BURMA TEXT: Cable No.: RE LOWER BURMA PADDY LAND PROJECT PIEASE CABLE 'IDTAL LAND AREA COMMA CULTIVABLE AREA COMMA CULTIVATED LAND AREA COMMA AND 'IDTAL NUMBER FARM FAMILIES OF 'IDWNSIITPS WAKEMA COMMA PYAPON OOMMA LAPUTTA OOMMA NGAPUDAW AND IDGALE STOP INFORMATION NEEDED FOR CONSIDERING EXTENSION PROGRAM WIITCH IS TO COVER ENTIRE 'IDWNSIITPS S'IDP PLEASE SEND DETAILS ON SAME BY MAIL STOP REGARDS FRANICH NOT TO BE TRANSMITIED AUTHORIZED BY: CLEARANCES AND COPY DISTRIBUTION: NAME K. Pranich, Division Chief cc: Mr. Shibusawa I ation Division DEPT. S ut Asia Projects HTChang :nb / ~ RE FERENCE: BURMA - Lower Burma Paddy Dev. I ORIGINAL (File Copy) (IMPORTANT: See Secretaries Gulde for prepar ing form) Checked for Dispatch: - - - -- - - - - - - -- .. ,• e e ... · : ~ t.,- ·1 _ :MEMO!{/\f\DUN I:'Or FILES lfovember 211, 1975 ~ y·M,A.. ~~-~~ . _ Subject:- nurn:."l ·- The New Bank Law ~l-1- · 1• t \ .;:i1eet j. ng. on -- Lie • ' n -_v.r -1-J,'1-n 1· k• .1 ,.n·: 1 ·p<• k "' · .. p l :lee- n ,.ovcm 12 ., 1 ber . .0 . .· -.;. "J.5 . . .- , ·1l jn the office c,f U T t1 M:1ung in the iJn ion Bank. Presen t W"rc U ·J:-1.:run~ !·b•.m[; !!Jc,. , Paul Cho.11ricr, .:incl ~1ichacl Braulke . 2. ·The ptirpos,! ·of· the n ew law i. ·- to- SC'pu::-n tc ti1C! cc,:;~i:'c-rci.'.ll -h·,nki11~ func tions £ro;.1 ·thl". central '.).'."::l.( ftmc 1·ions ud, is in p.:irtic 11· ::, to s,-i nr·: t~ Ll1:: acti -..--i tics of Llie insuran 2 <2iv.ision from ti.le. b:m!:ir.g _ syi~l :r.: •. The .itlt,·n:.i on \·:o.:; origir!a:lly to crcc:\t.e _ a .. co111me 1:Lia.l b::mk:5..up, .s.yst..c.. •n ~-:l'Lcb ,10111<; ori_ controlled ·by poli.t.:icolly- superiur .:.wthorit:i~s \'ia th~ l::·:ion Hank ::is u c C·ilt:'·«l 1y _in.d.iro2_i: 1 1y j,c> I ·1 bank . The l .:H,' , .::.s it w::,s a])ilcOVed by the .ryit:bu !l1utU-l.\ .i.n its rc(·.:?.nt Oc separate orgc ni ;:at ions: · the- ·nion of ·nurr:!a Bank, the .1)'ilt11,1.::. ForC'i~.~ 'fr~:,1..: R··n'.·, ·· the Hy,,n1:1a A~1:icultural D.:mk, the Hyanm::1 Econor.!iC 1!,ank, c1ad the i"1yu:1!~a In ·,,:-c~r. ,·: ·Corporc1'.:ion. The lm1 conta i ns nc provision to l::mit: tlepo:"'lt rfft(". S or len,:J;·,~ rntc5· no: r any- c c ilhi.gs on. lE-mding; it d cs n·ot fon~sce a mi11i1:1,1::l rc s-c:, rve t ~- q:..r .rn ·· t!,cnt e.ithe-::- . /111 b.:ml·s \..'ill hav e a bo, rd of direc.t"cTs . 'l' l (' llaio n U;! k \·.i 1:;. !1.'.-,· ~- bn e director 0:1 each ·of • th~ ·1 c.: rds of the spec:ia1·f2L:Cl . ba1 \(f; m1d the- ·siwd .-,] i:z.:::d . banl:s ,-rill send one dj rectc•r. 2ach to the hoard of the Un:i0,1 P~ c1"v·sjon. of sp·cCializ d hanks, lende .. c.f ·l;::sf r esort , re sei."\·c holder) . It wi ll furL:1crn,ore act ,,s a treasury f-c,Y, .rti'(l e::-.c.:u- sivc fin:::ncicr of, the tnion Govern:i:enl. In .:1dditic:1, one of its cxplic:iLJ.y - st~"1LCd .f:u!1CLLon:; will he to advise the· Gover.nm nt ·-on policy matters , The U:1.ion B.:rnk's capital Hill be K 200 mill.on, us presently . .'°'.t tl ic detc o[ cffect i·,1e. rcori;:a,:i:i..:ition, thr. liriion' .l}anl: 1-ili havr: Lo surrcnc!cr ;ill i!.:i,· car-jt ::i'i. ·to tb ,, lln:i.on Govcrn:nr.::1t and t112 dccunt,J:-?tt!cf-c&.:r·,C"s which i;r;;~ua·. Ct-i , - .:rcnt1.y to K 20(! 111.i.llion each . The G0v.:::rnment ui j 1 then rc.:Ln n a c.-ipi triJ f.uh- tcrip t ion oE . 7 200 milljon -tn the n 0w Uni a Bank nncl pay Ehc cneit a l ~ub::~~iµ - t;ion s to the:: ::peci:!lizecl bm1l:s ,:bi c h will inci.dC1nt;1J.]y . to!:al c:-:aclJ::,, K :H.JO . -. milli on . C0nseGuently, tr1e C.'.?pit.:il ::: ubscriptiCJl~s to the· ne 1·1 ban ks wil l uol: hurcku the Cove rnr:1C! nt I s bud get . The Union Bcmk: w:i.11 h a ve only one office with .:i st°;1ff o-f ahnut '(00 , :·1·: at present. 5. '11) c Hyanr.i:.i F(,reir,n Trnde Bzink ,..,i.11 0 .s:::c-mt.:i:il ly coalim c tJ,._. \.,"1:-L · pr_cscntJy :dr111 ,• by the Fu 0 cir~n- [xcli :,11; c· Di.vi s;j >n .r,.f _ . tl1t.! t:ni. .. lL:rn!c . - -lt: .\ .'i J J. -l - ...... a c.:ipj t:..i-ll of ~~ 30 11ri.l·li,i1 .::nd t'k,:..n ta:111 j ts p£-C~ 2 n t 1..-u.1·1 : i:1 reHg-d1 of _ nt_o"J )f'1-:r-::. ,' •. ~ -- - emplc.174::c~s . '.fhen~ wi 11. he: · c;J 1y -olfe 1 ·1n-adqu:.1t· t.<!1; ·wi.t~r1 D nu:i;'Jl'. r - o- [ ..-:111l_!,r r_izvc.1- · d(!~lci· s (hotc l ~ , shop_ s , _.:d i-.;-Q..rt, CU-.:) 1Jndc·r 1 ts ;i u Lhor;i_ Ly. - - - -- ... · .. ·: .. .. - .. ,, . .... e - 4 6. •• dc, in __ i!ddi L i on The Nyanma - Aericulr·urnl Bank ~s fun~tions - will inc;lµ_ t:o t ~ short-"tcrm l c ndi!i [; activities pr~sently .c~r~icd out~by the A&r_i:cultu~a.1 -.-. Credit Div :i:sion- of the Uni.on B.:inki me. demand for cr ccr with ome pare of the capital cost wotJld be recovered fr om the benofic ia:t ios; (c) that opera~:i.on and maintenance of the pro j 8(:t works would bet! c responsibility of the Irri~ation De par cn,ent; that the t.1inistry of AG!' icu.1 tur e a.11d · Forests woulcl provide for aduqi..1.atc funds and th'3 necessary staff in tb e Departnent 1 s at'.!riual b1.1.dg0t t ( d ) tha.t the r,1inistry of Agriculture and }?crests wo,tL:l now conside1 supportinf a full time a{:'.,ricultur,•l 1 extension service in the project area desit:wrl exclu- sively to promote production th:i"0ug,r .irri.!.)roved. fal'm practices; ( c ) that the Government would 8.1'.'T8.r,()'e for the sale of ]ow-lift pwnps in the pro:ject ;;,.::ea on instalment or . credit terms within the means oi' eroups of &&M&M&T.I&r&M&JiT&&&&&&&&M&M&M&M&&&&&&&&&&&&&M&&B&r&l&banlcl&&atiens&&&p&l&intenance&&&&&&&&Yl&&rl.a&&&&&&&ent&&&&&&&&&&&&B&:&&iibusawa

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Since then the study has been modified to include an introductory period for writing a Review Paper and from your letter it looks as though the visit to the ...
THE WORLD BANK GROUP ARCHIVES PUBLIC DISCLOSURE AUTHORIZED Folder Title: Operations - Research 1972 / 1974 Correspondence - Volume 4 Folder ID: 30045540 Dates: 4/2/1973 - 7/31/1973 Series: Correspondence and Files Created for Research Projects in Support of Operations (Operations Policy Files) Subfonds: Records of the Office of the Vice President, Development Policy (VPD) and the Development Policy Staff Fonds: Records of the Office of the Chief Economist ISAD Reference Code: WB IBRD/IDA DEC-01-02 Digitized: 08/31/2018 To cite materials from this archival folder, please follow the following format: [Descriptive name of item], [Folder Title], Folder ID [Folder ID], World Bank Group Archives, Washington, D.C., United States. The records in this folder were created or received by The World Bank in the course of its business. The records that were created by the staff of The World Bank are subject to the Bank’s copyright. Please refer to http://www.worldbank.org/terms-of-use-earchives for full copyright terms of use and disclaimers. THE WORLD BANK Washington, D.C. © International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / International Development Association or The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org 197 7 OP - RESEARCH IV , .. ~~ .5.,. 1111 IIIIIII IllIIIll111111111 1111111111111111 1 11111 , av,~ 1\ • 30045540 ", ,. Al994-056 Other#· 2 B Operations - Research 1972 11974 C · OX # 210676B \.. orrespondence - Volume 4 DECLASSIFIED WITH R.LI~· rR TIONS .r· WBG Archives Form No. 635 CS-73) TlITS FILE IS CWSED AS OF 0 lr?J~ /'17J FOR FURTHER CORRESPONDENCE PLEASE SEE ~C) ....~ _........J( _ =v ; . ;/ =--- RECORDS MANAGEMENT SECTION I ( p f ,l t FOR M NO. 26 (4· 69 ) INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL FINANCE ASS OC IATION RE CON STRU CTI ON AND DE VELOPMENT CORPORATI ON I N COMI N G CABLE DATE AND TIME ROUTING OF CABLE: JUa 31 > 1973 0906 LCG NO.: 12 / 31 ACTION ffiPY: TO: - INFD™ATION COPY: ...... •SI 1 oo~ FR0\1: TOliIS DEffiDED BY: L1AtD!i D 1 L1 P. 0 1'CH. s 3 CONTACT· D TSC c· I Fil rat FDR INFORMATION REGARDING INC0\1ING CABLES, PLEASE CALL 1HE C0\1MUNICATIONS SECTION, EXT. 2021 DUPLICATE Jut 31 IO l? ~1 1973 C(J ~ .I I I 1...., SECI ION )/ Th lectncity .. ounc1I Overseas Consultancy Service 30 Mill ba nk London SWlP 4RD Telephone : 01-834 2333 Telex: 23385 a nd 261130 Cables: Elecoun London SWl 31 July 1973 Dear Mr Berrie e Research Project Standards of Urban Electricity Distribution I have now received the contract for the research project and before returning it to Miss Lenthe I thought it would be advisable to write to you about the total amount involved, because paragraph 3 of her letter states: "For services rendered, the Bank will pay your firm a gross fee of up to ust10,ooo .•.••. 11 When we first estimated the number of days required you thought that about 36 days would be necessary for the team which did not include a visit to Latin America, nor travelling time between the UK and Washington. Since then the study has been modified to include an introductory period for writing a Review Paper and from your letter it looks as though the visit to the United States and Latin America would take ten days, not including travelling to and from this country. With our present knowledge we can probably reduce the amount of time spent on scanning literature, but the total number of days required will certainly not be much less than the original estimat"e. In terms of man days, I think we should allow something in the region of 130 which at t200 per day brings the total to t26,000. I shall be most grateful for your comments. In the meantime we are continuing with the Review Paper and hope to send it to you later this week. Yours sincerely - ~ - --- - -;/ /7 t;13 ~ Action Taken : ________ ~-- _ • J T W Berrie Esq Power Economics Advisor By kfk1_ Public Utilities Department International Bank for Reconstruction and Development From K eith Shaw Administrative Director I"' ::2· :.., ' • ·I 't:,- ·~, J l,. r. , It. wu a plequre to eee you in ft«IIPM...u I would lik to contbm our undaratandi.ng o~ a f n etaila about the completion of your 1"9POrt. The rlll1&1..ning eectiona of the draft (main4r the , and ctiona , F, O arid H of the 'i'erme or Re.t'arence) will be mailed to uhington b7 August )rd. You 1hould rece1.Te our camnenta by AugUat l.$th1 Vbich wUl includAJ any points our nation speciallate ,q wiah to add. .l !ew copies of your nal ort ehould reach ua in ubington by t r 3rd, the ranainder f/V-W poNible, to relevant urc.. ,, Exhibit 1. • You t1nd that in cou.i-a ot the t ~ you hav• col.lee llUCh atati.Ucal and otlwr ta which are relevant but not of 8UCh direct intveat u to be incl 1n the .Anner.ea to the J1nal Report. If thia ie t.h9 cue, )"OU mq ld.•h to conaider ND.ding us one copy of euch material, in anr to. that 1a conY9I'd.ent, q a aupplllusltary. at1nex- • • •,' - .... - I &j I - ... '----._ 111L• ' --- ... ~ 1 1 - .. -· _1 -~ - .,..., -~~ ~ I ~,.T. ',. - ,i:.._ - t . ~r·~.:_~I ,~ ~- •II. • ..... •- II. • ~~--e~ "'-I QJ? , • ~ .. -. . -- -. ;.-f_ - ,- - ,_ ,• ..... ~ - --..-~ 't, .~ •,# - ·.c .J • ~ ' • ........... • - - • ..... - ~ j: -,,_ r ..,,. .Ii.- I ';:II .•. - -r -=-.;.-Ir- 1111 I--.... ~ ~- I~ . ,, • _,_- - ;...;. . ._.""; :~ - ~ ~ J'4 ._ . : ; r:.- ..,., J • - . . , _. •• ..,. .,,. . ~ " • - ~ • ~ " -_ ., -· , - r .._ · : ... • JUlyJ Jl, 1973 "I~~ - •.., / -J .-.,. --=- ~ :-- -·.' .. - -:,I ......r-1.~ .- ~ ~ =~,. - 1 Dr. Seidel The Bundesanstalt Fur Arbei t ~~ver~=:nG;~.:. ..• r -~ -., ~-- l.. · --- - - ., -~· -"" • .~~.. . · ~ T ~ 1 "" .. ... .- --:._-;.~~, ~· ~: ~-.~,~ .-- · ·• - • 4. - -' .- If • .,_l ~-I• ;.. - ~ - .... ~~~ .. ..J-. .. ~~ • • .. • .... .,! • · · - -· 1- ~ !..........I De.ar Dr • . SEµdel: ..r" • . . • - _. _ • .:ii • ~ ~ ,; - _i;- .... ... 1 ~ Will ·you forgive me for not ~ you oor~ie; i '~r yo~r f'.~ _':l ah. ~ .. kindness rhen ' I -visited you in Numberg? I am afraid I a 1 writing ·now :___all§.....' 11111111 with some more requests. · . . . I. ...._.. -· ~ ·- - ~-.=_ , • ... .a,.,.. • - . ii: 4 - I - ~ ... If the- C0!71Plete survey: of migrant wrkers can .now be releaaea! . .I. IL TllOuld it be possible to send me a copy by air.nail? · If' ,the · report is not ~~ yet ~dy for release, couia. you let me know the siz~' of the ..sa.'Iple on which it is based, especially as regards the 'l.\µist.l~ig~ b/ ( )· 26 589 26 594 26 603 26 62(: (10:a~dzko~ z.pt) 1 \ , {· 1, _n t °t' -\ ,,r,~-lu_,__; \ fc,h•t~n11re. • Mith. J JG', 3 74{, 3 64? 3 536 3 444 3 237 2 8)7 I ' . ( ,\:ue1tneh:::er . E en. . •i 1 , 22 614 22 833 22 942 2J 053 23 150 23 366 23 789 J (:,~hh~,,-. , Jquc t ") Lr-~ \/- (85, 1) (85,9) (86,:;) (86,?) (87,05) (87,8) (89,4) [lie:';;ch ·- b~~chii'.t;;-~rb;~tneh:,:r \. 20 164 20 182 20 355 20 483 20 667 21 63 1 -~ __..+,, , 1 ' 1) Erverbsquotc aufgrund Trcnd' ro{t-~ch~/ioung "- ·\ i 2) Er·.,crbsquote unter Bc,·ucksichtigung der Auawirkungen der flexiblen AltersgrenH und FuU (,, ............, '~- -, -£,,' 3) ,o erg;,,,g;pha3e ~ ~ 4) /Jlnal',me: 50 '/, der O .. uno 64-jii.r.rigf'n scheiden r,,us 5) Annahme: 50 % der 60 - 64-jiihrigen scheiden aus (r .. G..K° ~ U.-----e t f''l-£,,1,-.~ 1,,.,.... t Fort1et:u~g dea bisherig•n Wr,,chstumstrenda bai Produktion und Produktivitat f .,../ ') '.. \ '-·'- ,,~ i ,.· \ ....... '.J'- l"--<)~\ V../'~,l,t v( I' ,' I . -t -. -- j l~ . P,1- ., 1- Sir Jdm Crawt'ord wrote to you l at onth about the proposed · cocoa that we are 1lOlf initiating and h d indicated to yon that we .._. planned to include Papua Hew Guinea ong the samp]. ,~ major cocoa pro- } ~ mcing countries.- Thia ill cur tin1t venture into analysis ot the cm- -r.J,,}- parative advantage criterion concerning cocoa produaticn ill varicua -~ regi.008 of the c es t.o be covered by the tud;r. The task ie a ~ - ' ~-'.:'. "' dittic.ult one, bu.t . I hope that Id.th the cooperation ~ the member co ~- ~~ ,--< •JI triaa 118 vml.d be 1n a position to prepare a stud;y which, hcpetully, · · ~;_::. · , would give 8Cll8 measure ot guidance to those reaponsible £or deciding - . investing in cocoa and alternative craps.. We underatam that Papua Guinea voo.l.d constitute an interesting case ot resource allocation in alternative craps and ot development ot new regions.. Sir John is . here in the lbnk aga1 n in connection with meetings ot Agricultural ~ .;,(. Advisory 1191 and h&a aamred • that ycu 1'0Uld be in the beat posi- tion to aasiat ua in ccnpleting yoar end at this study. I aa sending .. you by separate 11!1U• acae draf't ch pt ra on •thodology and the data colleation toms ao _ that you aq be vare or the scope ot our study. · L.• I pl.An to reach Port; aresby on Saturday August 18, by fiigbt QF 289 .from Hong ltaog. I plan to stay there until August 24. Apart; trca c0118Ultatiom with the re1evant government agenci , I vcw.d b interested in visiting lane cocoa plantatiaaa and SOM 8Jllall.holders. I vould alao llke to meet scae traders. I hope you vil1 be able to uke the necet1sar.r arrangements so that I c n profit tram this visit. ld Mr. Curtis, however, that we would welcome opinions and judgments even when controversial, provided they were adequately supported. 4. The final report would start with a summary stressing the main conclusions significant to Bank lending for tourism. 5. Throughout the report, reference numbers to relevant sources would be inserted. cc: Mr. J. A. Simmons TO: Hr~ f,n·,110· rur l::1:-,, 0ff1...,c - V .1'., DA.T£: (. i. . t! f' • ,··· ' 1),•i'•iJ.c .. "H,r ,J.1.i, ,1 , ,.' / F110M: Glcll Go )Iarr,:l., C!1ir;-1·, J ( $(: ~-... C~! f..:..v~_i:i.,:n I 1'r;u1'":J' )' ~ ·2..0:1 ,Jrr,-r:-i:,·t SUF3.Jl:":CT· Jtc .. 1er.reh l'r9.j_c.;ct, St~L2~~-r r,~,,::; 1. l'f·mora:."d"''l of .J,1.ly 1(,, 1973, forH21··dcd }HYr·c·- Ptrr-s1.u'1'!t l,O j'i::,i.r ui.th ar G r.: n:.(l_ ::..t,~tus ~·er(: '..S fc::: T• Y ?J 0:1 ·::.ho foD.o':ri:n,; rese!lrc:1 1 rc,~ e(.:t~: 226, 227, ?2b, 229, ?Jl, 2]? ~ld ~71. 2o At the mcl'lrnt < f 1:-i·:Lti.r.r} I do not Ji;.vc in hand std,1.J.s ::r.·oports for the fo1.lc-:d.r,r; proJ:;r;t~: "H,~ll~ -,~- 'i't\'1.i'fic Co::it-Lnf; :3t'1dy 11 - iloo 23.'3 ::md 11 Cri teria for Ch~)ic..c Dctacc1 Ll Jct,···:i.c , 1.ci l~t::sel ·.rrac t.ion in I''!'c·j e<.:t r':vc1ll13tion" ·• IIo. 235. :!1•, Fr•n;j ..r•.l'P.,_, Jf, ha'1d.• i".r, pro:]ect 233 c.,r.d 1 ·i0 cJ.t,, co,•ir,:!.ete i.his rrro:>:t only hfc.ET he retu."r.:.s on Au;~ust 9. Hr. :~lston is hanuJJ.n~ pro,it>Gt ?35; p!·,--.pa.r-at:i.ons to w1d~,1·t,.ke t.his proJl?Ci.. o...e near:ir.g fin=D.izatiC1n mid 1w expect ·l,o sul_,: rrit this project for nc-1 1'1UJcii.nr. in t;1e nc:1r futw·e. Jo Eote tha:., for r.ro;icc.t. 226, I have been unable ;:;.t. this time to reconcile ow.· ac..crn.'rits 11ith the Contl'o ... lc:i.~ 1 s p1·i11t. out c'irnet.f.; ol' June .30., 19730 The t.o~,~1.n ·re sore 8:11~000 .1r::1.1·t., ou.r· figures "'~c~1.L1g .;1L1l,S96 and th.e print out, ::;heets \1.S2_.600o (}1ota t 11ai:. 1-10 1:;xr•cct about, $3,0C'(l :i.11 furt hc3r pa;yr. s 1t s for .~o:..~t pC!'fc1•ric·: in FY '13 1'-c.t not ~;et ct.:..sbu!·sr-d.,,) I h avo need ou ' figure~ .for ti1 o c1.nTr,r.t r,t,;,t,us r('port and. bo;101 that wn re solve the discrc;;r1.ncy wh•·n I rott.'rn t.o t~1e BL•nk. in ni.d ,'.i.ue;ustc CGHarral:phm cc r 1-lr, Paul .'::imi th ro rl~,NO. - 3~7 .04 (12-69) CONTROL No. ORIGINAL LANGUAGEt DEPT ii e ' ,. - 2 - I11 , n.y ca , lack oi' infoJnation lead$ to undue sis being p1'l d on the uoo f c rtsin instruments, such ~ age incr , and i h a adverse effects on the level of emplo ent Tithout ctu Y :oi.ng "nything to help the -rest people, it.her becauoo they e.ra not earning or beca e they are so poorly organizod and ill.- quipped to negotiate contracts hat they roceiv worse treattient trum the better organL-.,ed social groups. Similarly, often h r the ovemimplifi d st t ant that the transf r of iuco from privileged groups to th 1 privil g d will be cufi'icient '-'° olve tJ1e p:robl of un ual income distrlbution. :rot only is this approach not found.. d in reality, bu' it r ent..., poli t,ical nd practical difficu.1 ties uhich tend to bo under- estil'O.a ted by the use of ov rl!J.1 r natioml statistic • In the s of Chil , data -v ileble for 1967 shor that of t.ho 500,ooor-emons hav:tne; an average income of t' 1,159 (the top 2ffi income bracket) 32.,000 wore Eq>lo rs, ll.3,000 era sol£- loyed, 302,000 re ff:i.ce - rke:..s and $3,000 3 re anual t orkers. We cnn i111agin · e political probl of mald.nc these social grouJm :eike a la~ cut in 1· <>l incoi • 'lhey constitute the Min c ntors of pouer; th con me powo1· f the lanckr.'ners, the erial ba o th public and privote aecto r, the prof' sionals, techniciana, skilled 1orkers, etc. -3- ' t th . ' ? Atcrl. r 1lle:Ol";}::?:J °' ooul. rcl1 to th group incar.o ctr.\. t.3.on, to t fi'l"'lr.is-n in 0 d if it ot finan 4•.n,1':1c of such qu fi.c to _...........~to th n d or trilntion. r no lly te a rid1 . It bout th r1 in points to noi6lbor na an ext • th fy lot.iv pri il is WOJrkerD and prof\,li;l,u.u,6:.-w.u 't;}d ........l.UU,A,,lo ... in i • of th op-".J.llim t di tribution d its thi distribution: pov ddl 49 4- income groups. This information is needed both for identifying the factors common to each group 'Which appear to explain best why its members are in one bracket rather than another, and also for defining the scope of the redistrlbutional measuresand appraioing their economic, social and poli ti.cal effects. In addition to obtaining more &ta on the true pict'\119 of income distribution, we need to investigate in greater depth and breadth the underlying causes and their relative importance. Also j we bold the 'View th.at there has been no systenatic appraisal in Chila of the efi.'ects of the various economic policy measuros :on with respect to income distribution; as a result, there have been no innovative policies designed to tackle more effectively the causes of the inequalities between and within the different soci.oecononi.e groups. Lastly, it is wortJ.1 noting that income distribution is a research subject offering large economies of scale, seeing that it overflas into a multitude of fields such as foreign trade, cnployment, technology, agrarian eoonony, etc. v'e would therefore do well to go beyond a bare description. rue is an indirect way of looking into other areas in greater depth. In the light of these comments, we no~ describe the research fields that the F.conomic Institute of the Univarsidad Cat6lica 'Wishes to oov r. - 5- I. Project 1. Eropiriccl ta The aim is to obtain th most dotailed inf'omation possible on th koy charact.eriatics of the distribution of pe ..,oru:il, family and actor inc in Chile. The existing data on income distribution in Chile are inadequat fr the standpoint of' reliability and be ause the arias are incomplete. 'l1 ero are no homogeneoas series suitable for mal'..ing a syst atic examination o.f inr. me d.istributi trends, and the surveys available aro relat.i e)y old. The most rec . t and extensive study is the one carried ut by ECIEL; its .first stage, covering tho structure of consumption, t finished. The second stage, rmich consists of analyzirig the data collected on income distribution, fs currently being prepared. 'l'hia study is based on a "multi-purpose survey11 made during one year (1968-1969) by the National Institute of Statistics {IN'E). Bein national in scope, this surv covers both the rural and urban sectors. H cv r, th Em:EL tudy is c ncerned only with the ta on great.er s~ntiag ; tho wo is beine done by e ...,. onomic epartment o:f the l eatem Branch of tlle Univ:. r-Didad do Ohil .• We therefore pr pose to construct an inccr.ie distr.tbution based on the aurvey fl a whole. To make our findings comparable with the x,rk of th same type being carried out mder th nu&-pices of Em:EL, wa will use ·.;.he t:10thods designed by the J.atter (details on "'i;;his thodology are available in the Summary of the IDIEL Sar.zinara). - 6 - t of ( 3) tu or liey f th ' to dj th light 0 (b) J th 3 culilr to ti 111., to • (c) {d) ot ~ 0 rr1 0 t tri tio prop> nt. ( ) uJ. rl.1 • nd t lo tit f cit:! • an , th 1 t i • J.: - 7- as aspe ~such_/the ractenstics of hifts in c sump ion and th t bil.ity of the spendin structure. (f) pprai al 0£ alternative ys of suri1 concentration, and discus ion of their rclevanc , significanc , lim.tations ond ir.:plic - tions. ( ) An tt pt will olso bo to link r tor distrlln tion and personal distribution, the data btnin d. th these t it is possibl to on tr.ict factor distribu.ti n nd relate t · th p rs nal distribution obtain d from -:.:h • On the sis of th"'se distri- bu.tion · will look in the f eibility f st consolida d d ta from the nati n ac n • 'lhi f:! rat p rt · v to oo r n t y th in om'.ls 1 Vd'i.able ( d.th a its variants) bu· the 'con ti . 1 Ve. riab.. , so prov.id~ 6 detr. 1 d picture f · ~tr ctu of consumption. Thie in.form.: tion is need d both a a is for invest eati~ ..tined p rti~ularly at consunption a.nd its relation to inco distribution, and also s a ans f ecking the p rsonal (f · 1y . ta n ·n s. W re keen to ork on th1 survey for two important ~ a ns: (a :.i.o sup~ nt th work ur. rta en by th Departm t of the stem Branch of the Univerc- d.od de Cllile, with the ··nfo aticn ,vailable., s a to arriv and ca~let table of income di tributian in 1969; - 8 - (b) nd is t · od to Or8 niz n in Chile. foa bl ubj t to OM thodB O OJ. tr! ds., th wild net· - -e 11 autoco UtJpt,1on and til.d o t ibili or rtiol surveys :for cer d (e.e., cont 1), but work shoul ~b..w;;;;;;;. a ntion on tion and avail bl 'tUmt to !'in 0 tl'"ib'tJ.tio , y, a" ....._._.........CQ'.-, of 197.3. It ·ill ble i'oru rd in th undars ndin 0£ es {GJg>ro- pr.tation., ric controls, discr-..i.w..ld"-\tor.r dj ., tc.) o 1 precondi.td.on o tud1 on th actors ti.on nd on t of pu li polici on di tribu O ., II. _Pro......111J..-.......-__ :focts o.f Fbroife trado PQ_~cies on income dtsttlbutio t policies d nt1ally at obj ct:i: o'ther th· n ciabl ct tr1 t1on and on t1 of .. 9 - ex.:Q:Loo, " could enrru.r in the f1 1d of foroicn tra , such s UM;u..u1,igl;J n~t3tivo o d qualltctiv; controi OI! , ort nd er-edit policy ff oupply of eo d.s · nd erdces., the concentration of mershi: , the llrel nd syr;t , of prir,es, etc., all of which ha :llii>Ortunt n tl 1 • at butio o irmo!n nd the tter11 of c tion. t ,10 r · y find tudie" which ,lphesi . the tri ~ tio Tl C t pol.icy 1n countri s 11.th hich inn tio mda project -,anld be C n 1.h 10 s.., imp , t polici , in the olicy nd riff poli.cy. In Chile•e roe t history (1956-1970) th llci l': various I e - nti-in!'lu "on ry atrl · io l a nd .f'iocal n a, <:rte. b n uo or O?.l o tb .... purposas only, at others £or ev 1~ l:.t on· • ha tovor t.hsir on&tnE l purpos b . , w must co izo that tbas y ha an mp t :i e d1otr.tbut:ion ot psrsoml, actor and aector i oo; it is ala cm ibl 1h t th USO a££ ""rl u.tion of, s y, persoll:.11 income he:s h d u~~v or ot. cili ne the . d dam. d. tut eve:i thou h ..... ,u.. ,., to ""tr.l.buti al obj t co t rhic.h no to be kn • In eff t, the c bi · tion o nga policy ( • .. - 10 - dav: luati cn) nd tariff :policy c, nn t be optimal r the sum int of all th variables invol ed (production, consumption., tax rev nues, income dis tri tion, nnc 0 p ~ents, ten-uS or ra e, nt, competition rin To . , the to b as ' many pnrate irstr re pu: ued, an e h inst! uld hove to e dir"' ted ( v: n tho it "v directly or indi.re tly nf ue. c s others • V are th refor faced l-7:i. e 1 e approprla t,en s of uain tho"'e icies fr redi 0 ribution 1 pu11)oses. In fact, tho e C'.h s h. t f .e eoods {ing:io1·teb r a e, repr n!:f ieni.fi · rap rtior. e VB ri 6 BJ'.'O'UpS • Furthomo , tho r diat,rl' tio of' o th s for gn t d e policie redistributi n s ul.ti pll'ri explicit so .. to a.ke the e nt nt of th • Lt ex, .. le ~n .. - in· r r ( ) It rl. - riCC!:'1 ( n prices are elaot:c, o n th n~n~ ~~ ~ lg6 rat Cc n depress bsol prices, At constant one ~ i come, e mn rs c~ or . di f.t'erenti· - y ln relatim to tJ1e or nee th t ' - l1 - ;• in on 0 0 f u t1tutio • t1.o 1 ; d bol.an or p ). l cc r.nied by th introducti 0 l1 l.o f i,rl 0 . II It . 1 (join th th co l ry ·olia1e l l ti~ p i iic to th lo n 0 th il or • ,I. t both f. cto • (d) I :i:::.J 0 intern tao l (in ten 01.' ) ( ) th cotmtry ich d th r t r of trade ( e . :0 th .fo ' tio ). - 12 - 'Jhis rojcct w.i.11 be centered on e £E:JJ!ily r p I.., nal distribu- tion of inco , attanpting to indicate ns precisely as po::rnible the mdistribut ru:il cope of the f reign trod.a poll • 'lne empirical part will cover the period 1958-70. ':ihe stu will nsi t of th foll ·ng (a) eoroti.cal analysis of the redistribu.tional impact or changes in th exchange rate and/or in the tariffs, after a review of tho rel nnt ll terature. 'lhe model will take account of s e c nsiderotions usually ignored in redi"'tributional lo: presence of oncy, relativ immobility of certain p ductive 'actors, di tinction bett-reen cont nuous nd discontinuous ndjusments to th exchang rate, etc. (b) criptivo a?l!?l~ is or th paths taken by th redistribu- tionaJ. effect or c,.~anges in th exc..lmnge rate and ng sin tariff within tho Chilean institutional con ,.t durl. the p riod covered. 'lhis qualitative nalys:1.a will. nnk it possible to: better odel that will assiat in quantifyin relations b 1e n the use of tools and red:Lstl"ibutional d:fects; (2) ppl ant the qu nti t tive analysis, hi.ch will t bo a to ov r ace ro tely all the perti.nant int rr tiona; *'l'.N.: '!his does no· meon that t e r.i.11 ,o ha c to proceed v.ln an analysis of sector and f ctor di tributi ns, for th purpose of sp :1. ying r cloar:cythe r distributional ff cts I entioned. .. lJ ... c:n tlake provioion i'or carte.in t1tutional "1it1 mi ~:k up t'f e ~sis t tho '.t :tJ.t .,OiJ8h (c) ~- OJ. tho i er..chanee and ta1"if£ . 01\:t' • mo:.1 , l to O tain cm:rat ~ l of direction • ey ook,, Ot le th 'iii ti J al cto e d1l r.iod ' . ... dnrl p :1 t.~ o~ by the previous proj ·c l'Odu.c co....,t true ·o., t.. nnly'Cl. vill (1nstit tion;,1., 0 II .)0 ., ·.) .• t..1. ,;_l C d\ring t 1 ·l d. ." ' TELEPHONE 01 734 0761 TELE GRAMS PETEC LONDON W I I . PETROLEUM ECONOMICS LIMITED 1, ARGYLL ST REE T, LONDON. WlV 2D S 0,ractors PAUL H FRANKEL WALTER L NEWTON TED WHITE CLIVE DALTON l'll,N/bb 27th July, 1973 Mr. Thomas W. Berrie, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 1818 H Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. Dear Mr. Berrie, I refer to your discussion with Ted White regarding the price of fuel oil to Turkey in 1980 in terms of 1973 dollars. We believe that it is reasonable to assume that the Persian Gulf crude oil price in 1980 in terms of 1973 dollars will be of the order of $5. 00 per barrel. If you work on the hypothesis that the price of fuel oil in Turkey will be based on the price of crude oil at the Eastern Mediterranean, it is necessary to establish the freight differential between the Persian Gulf and the Eastern Mediterranean. Again, taking the cost of a ship ordered today and current operating costs, we show in the attached table the freight advantage of the Eastern Mediterranean over the Persian Gulf on the basis of alternative shipping routes. We here believe that there is every reason to assume that by 1980 the Suez/Mediterranean (Sumed) pipeline will be in operation and set the price differential. On this basis the freight differential would be sot per barrel. If we add this freight differential and the freight from the Eastern Mediterranean to Turkey to the Persian Gulf crude oil price we arrive at a delivered cost of crude oil to Turkey of $5.66 (say $5.70) per barrel. It is our opinion that the price of high-sulphur fuel oil will continue to remain below the price of crude oil. At present the price of fuel oil in the Mediterranean area in domestic markets such as Italy is approximately 75% of the price of crude oil. If this differential is maintained, which we believe to be a reasonable hypothesis, the price of high- sulphur fuel oil in Turkey can be estimated at $4.25 per barrel. cont ..... REGI ST CREO I N ENGL AN D, NO, 553107 REGIS TF REO O P'FJ CE 52 L O N DO N YI ALL L0 ,.. 00 ~ EC2 R 7 J I '. t PBTROLBU M ECONOM IC8 LIMITED PAGE NO. 2. Mr. Thomas W. Berrie. 27th July, 1973 I shall be out of town on Monday and Tuesday morning of next week but if you have any questions with regard to this exercise please telephone me Tuesday afternoon (July 31st) or Wednesday afternoon (August 1st). Best regards. Yours sincerely, I .. W. L. Newton \ . 1 - • Alternative Bases for Assessing the Cost of Kirkuk Crude Oil Delivered to Turkey in 1980 at 1973 Constant Prices A. Basic Assmrwtions :- Crude Oil Price f.o.b. Persian Gulf $5.00 per bbl. Tanker operating costs (incl. 8% def return) 250,000 dwt W65 90,000 dwt W85 B. Alternative bases for establishing freight differential as compared with Persian Gulf for assessing price premium in Eastern Mediterranean Worldscale 100 Freight Cost $/ton $/ton i/bbl (i) 250,000 dwt PG-N.W.Europe(via Cape/Cape) 9. 77 6.35 e less 90,000 dwt East.Med.-N.W. Europe 3.52 (2.99) 3.36 46 (ii)250,000 dwt PG-S.W . Europe(via Cape/Cape) 9 . 30 6.05 less 90,000 dwt East.Med.-S . W. Europe 1.98 ( l. 68) 4.37 60 (iii)250,000 dwt PG-Suez 3.07 2.00 Sumed pipeline charge 1. 75 90,000 dwt Alexandria-N.W.Europe 3.46 2.94 90,000 dwt East.Med-N.W. Europe 3.52 (2.99) 3.70 51 (iv)250,000 dwt PG-Suez 2.00 e Sumed pipeline charge 90,000 dwt Alexandcia-S.W.Europe 3.07 1.87 1. 75 1. 59 90,000 dwt East.Med-S . W.Europe 1.98 (1. 68) 3.66 50 (v) 250,000 dwt PG-N.W.Europe(via Cape/Suez) 5.16 Canal tolls o.45 90,000 dwt East.Med.-N.W. Europe 3.52 (2.99) 2.62 36 C. Freight Eastern Mediterranean to Turkey 90,000 dwt East.Med-Turkey 1. 39 1.18 16 Port basis: Persian Gulf-Ras Tanura, Eastern Mediterranean-Tripoli N.W.Europe-Rotterdam, S.W.Europe-Fos, Turkey-Izmit Petroleum Economics Limited July, 1973 Dr. Mauricio Schulman Seeretari.o de Financas do Estado de Rua Dr. ~qrici, 91; Curitiba, PR Brazil Dear Dr. Schulman: Once the a,reement. of the national goveruaent has been obtained, I llhall befdn to correspond with you cencernin the scope of the study and requirements for 1 ts execution. I would currently expect that this ''planning" stape would culminate acmetime towards the end o;f tbi s ~ar or the beginnin of next vi th an a.greed pro ram ..- r ~ of work and schedulin of the research mission • .. '•.i . 1 am. personal. regards . + •- • ·~ I "I-~·-..r • - J• {.. 'ii' ,_. ~ o, ' ' , - 1l• ... ,... .... • I I • J -..... ..- L .......... , ~ -.--it Yours lfincerely, .,., !J.. \,'.: •- •• : ... 11$, - _. .-.":&.,._•iw .,_. .... '~· 1-.f' .... •fi.:I" l.: - ••...,....... ..,- > - .. I .,,.. .. ~ -" - ... • ..,.. '. •. _ : ~: r,9\.;t~ ·~ f -" Dollflas H. Keare, Chief 1 ~.,.,,Jr~ • ....... ~ ~ ~ ·L 1 • Urban and Re(!i.onal. F.conomics Division ~· > 'i~..: , • ~ I ' ,.:: .. t"; :. - .... ... 1·. •-;,::- ....... , • ii . . . ... ., . Cleared & cc: Mr. ,· ., ·•U• • .. 1 • - .. • ·,: J • .. ... ... ...,"' .... DHKeare/rc ' ~- ... '-~ ,. I . .... • ~·, .'ii- I' • If ... .!. L Research Project Standarda of Urban llectr!citz Distribution I refer to our te~hone converaatian o.f July 24, 1973. I truat that you have by' now received the Contract for the Review Paper and the aubeequent trip to wa.hington, etc. I look forward to receiving the first draft ot the paper early in August. I would confirm rq agi-e•ent with you that it is important to keep the team working u oant1nuoue~ aa ponible, and that it ie nec"e&l7 to await . r. Bolq'a return f'l"Qll Rua11a before we have our JJ1eetinga in Waehingtan. I am, therefore., work~ to the following time-table, which we briefiy- diacwsaed over the telephone. Following the receipt of the first drai't of the Review Paper. early in ;F':i~~;,., August I will circulate a copy to ncy: colleagues in Waah1Dgton, ai"rl.ng you eO!lllllenta by the middle of August.. I a reaei'Ting at least tvo daya of my etay in London during Sept41raber for diecuaaione with the team and helping them work-up the ·eru of Reference for the State-of-the-Art. Paper- uld edneadq, ~tember 5 be a conTenient ~ for the first diacueaiona? ..... ' Form No. 27 (3-70) INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL FINANCE ASSOCIATION RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION OUTGOING WIRE TO: 0. LAFOURCADE DATE: July 2S, 197 3 ANCHORAGE HOTEL CLASS OF SERVICE: COUNTRY: 5r JOHN I S ANTIGUA TEXT: WEST INDIES Cable No.: FOR PURCHASING POWER PARITY EXERCISE PLEASE COLLECT FOLLOWING INFORMATION FOR EACH ISLAND YOU VISIT FOR 1970 STOP APP.ARENT VOLUME CONSUMPrION ENERGY COMPRISING COAL PETR01EUM NATURAL GAS AND ELEDTRICITY STOP APP.ARENT VOLUME CONSUMPrION STEEL PRODUCTS IN CRUDE STEEL EQUIVALENT UNITS STOP APPARENT VOLUME CONSUMPTION MILK PRODUCTS IN RAW MILK ~UIVALENT UNITS sroP APP.ARENT VOLUME CONSUMPTION CEMENT STOP APPARENT VOLUME PRODUCTION RAW MILK STOP NUMBER TELEPHONES IN OPERATION STOP NET VALUE EXTERNAL BALANCE GOODS AND . SERVICES STOP RF.GARDS CHERNICK NOT TO BE TRANSMITTED AUTHORIZED BY: CLEARANCES AND COPY DISTRIBUTION: NAME S.E. Chernick SiChernick :ms DEPT. REFERENCE: For Use By Communications Section ORIGINAL (File Copy) (IMPORTANT: See Secretaries Guide for preparing form) Checked for Dispatch: -~"'-£,~---------- I, " • '- .. ·~ '. ,. ,.. .., , ,.. \• (' i .. ... .~. . ..... . ~ I *. ..... • . . ,. J -.- . ,,,.. ~ 4 • .... ,.. ·,- ' ,.. ., ·,. . • I J&. .. I" -. - '' • .. ft ... II •• I ' .,r. .. . . .- '. ·~ ., . r;.: ',I ' . # •, ~ . ~ ~ ~ JI> . ' ' . .J.,,, r .• r• r -LJ ·l ' •. ~ I f . ·~ ". .. .1 .... • \ ' - + .'" J- r" -' rT 'j. ·, ~ - ,J' I .,. .I, ~,.."'•,. .;. • ;J,.. . ~..... .. .... - )I ,,. ... ,J4-= ~ July 24, 1973 ti . . . f ·F",,..11/. .. "' ..$" ·. ...., loll. ..,..• .,. -.1 ... i. ..... '"' 'r .., ....... .- .. "'I • -: t" ' Professor Leonard Joy Institute of Development studi s . .I ..... 'f I·- University of Sussex ~.1 ('r, .• . ... .. ' . .. f' ~ r Andrew Cohen Building ... . ,.. t ' I • Falmer Brighton BN1 9RE ,J ,. ;- .,- ,.I ' . .. fflGLAND - I ~ JI ·1-· 1 .. I :,,JI- '\ • ~ ' • . l. ·. Dear Len: . , I,,, 1-,. ~ ~ . t .. •1 I As I have told you by phone, we are moving ahead on the nutrition research planning exercise within a little dif'ferent administrative set-up. I think the ADC Workshop arrangement will give us a better chance to concentrate on getting subatantive advice sooner. For .further explanation, nzy- memo to file is attached. •• ... I '• The Bank will extend to you a formal contract tor consultancy. In the meantime, I am attaching a copy of your terms of reference. • I am also attacbi ng the agendu of two related workshops and the sunmary of the Stanford. meeting. Our subsequent exercises should \." • "1 . 'I start where these prior discussions left off. • I am also attaching for your information a copy of letter t.= r lL:. ·~.·.. ' ~ ........ 1 . ~~ '..1 • ,· received from Paul Strasburg with Ill3' response. - ,.' · --: . J., ' } Since I have not heard from you again, I take it that you cannot ... make it to the meeting we have scheduled in New York on August 1. ,. . ~ • I apologize for the short notice, but it is the only time when we ,. could get Weiablat and Milner together. Jim Levinson will have to •• ~ . ,I report to you the outcome of the meeting and then you will be able • r...-,. , ·.,, ~ - • T '· ·~ . . ..... ... '., . to coordinate your work w1 th him and schedule getting together when -. ~ ...- I.I ; .-:_ necessary later on. ' , : .. ~ .• ~, .. • - -r- ,. .; t 1 ~ i.. ·--14 A. • ,l'f • .I • • ~t· . !.,- . ,. ' ••""- • fl•-. . .. J :~~~~~._·fl, ·, "'~:. · £.,~ "' ...__,. r"- 1-L .. ;I • .. • ~ • •,. ,, N .. -,... "' '1 1 .... . . ---~·r- · ~ il. . . . . "'~ 1 1 ,.;; Yours sincerely, •· '" J' ~"' I~-. ,1~~J.~-f I I, . -~ 'r~r,, ,,\f·'t, • I ~ ,· •. ,;;: .,., . . . ;. .•. (i • tt,.,-.r~~~ " • £' ~ • I I ... • :'I, ' a 'Ill .j, ~ • •" . r ,- ...... -.....f + ., '"J ~ - l• "I ' • 'I, -.]- ~ I a #-t,. • .- 1.-i ,.._ "\ I• .. • •~ •• ·, ~ ..... ,6'"' ~ !" • .:• ~ -r , Shlomo Reutlinger ....r · • t I- - "I • .. -.. ~ • • I"'"' - O• Chief • .... ~ I • ' •+ .. -- • ........,d ,... .. ,-. ....... • t:. rw Y:,·. - . T l L ' • Rural Deve1onment Division ; .. . ... .... • .. : - Tl ~ .. ·: .:.\ 1 r: •-.. -~-~ J!..J.. ....., Development Ec~omics Department · .( ... ' ... ·,. , .. -, .., --:J ... ·~~ " I "11 ~·.I".... • .. .l .... Enclosures y 'i.. :, ;- .- SReutliQgerscoh . .... ~ t . .. ~ • ... • ~ 24, 197) Visit to th University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. On 27 ~ you will go to PbUadelphia and discuss with Professor Richard Easterlin ot the University ot PennsylTmia your proposals tor a collaborative research on the inter• relation between population pressure, fertility and Jlj.gr•tiex1. • o.F.t .. Haris,s 4707 w. Braddock Road Alexandria, V • 22311 ar Mr. Bari.es: I would like, hopefully for your barletit, to elaborate a bit further on our telephone conversation o! about three weeks &f:O• Ma. L.P. Ba1Jl1e Secretary to J)1.rector Centre far Tranaport Stud1e1 Cranttelcl Inatitute ot Technology Cranfuld Bed.tord Jngland. Dear Ma. Baflliet It waa a geat pleaaure t.o meet with your Dr. ».v1d Copsey on bi.a brie.t v181t, to Wuh1ngton and to learn more about ycur transport, :reaearch program. • I hope that •1tber ivalt or aomecne from our Be•earch - ' Divie1on wuld be &bl.a to riait your S.Narch ?Mtitute 1ri the n ar l\lture to look further into the ~ i l i t i e • of a cooperatioD bet.ween !'_ - our institutions. lh th9 Mantia we would nry much eppreoiate ,.u......./al'TT'I rece1T1ng the tollo111ng ~rtas .. . D cklethwaite Th role ot making proc ., J ;. - ;... -t . ..' ~ I ....-. -~ .t ·--- . -;:- =..-' . ~ ,. -- t - ... . i:,... !,: . r P' . , ... ' •• • -,1. "':.. ,II- .,_ F"~ . ..,. I, ~ I I .... ,r- .. .,.... -- J ~ 4' - ,1- . I! I .. • • .;. J I II r •• - - ; -. .,, • .~ ., .... ,. . ., -· .... . _. I 'J;I ' ... - • I: l -4'_:. --} ... • I • ... 1 -. I .__ J. I ti -.. ·~ L .JI - . ;:; l,i' .... . .... ... .... .I • • ._., ._ ."\-··-,. .. -....... r-~ . .-._ . Cle CCI cct .... ,· . •• . :- •. ... 4¥ -- - ... ...... ,. • • ,,,.I •• £ ... . ,. !,- "5 al: .1,,. #I -- .. -"t" ._ . 1.,. .... . . .. + - ~..-. .;J ... ... . .... ,~ It, .. - . ~ . a ~ I ~ .,. • ,I f I - .... l • ~ .- ..-:'"f"'. ...._ ,, 1 . J 23 July, 1973 ir. A. M. Mercer, Program anager Lilongwe Land Developnent Program P .o. Box 2.59 Lilongwe, V,ALAWI Dear Andrew, As Mrs. Lele is leaving the Bank very shortly w go on home leave, I am writing on her behalf as well as my own w express out- mutual concern regarding arrangements for the LLDP follow-up study. Both M.re. Lele and I put a great amount of time, thought and effort into preparing the follow•UP proI,X>sal for submission to the Bank's Research Comittee; and, since I left the Bank late in Mey, Mrs. Lele has expended much energy and time in explaining and pronx:,ting the proposal. at various stages of the review procedure. We ware both highly gra ti.i'ied when the Research Committee reached its conclusion to fund the study. As a result of our wrk to da.te, both on the review and the proposal for the follow-up study, there is now an enormous interest at the Bank in the work we have planned to include in the f'ull study, particularly in research on certain a.specte of the oredit program. Before the proposal was submitted, we were several times assured by Bob Reader that the data we require for the follow-up study were available in a useable form at LLDP and that they required only certain editing and preprocessing by someone who knows how they were collected before they could be analyzed. By way of illustration, I re.fer you to Para. 2(b) and 5(c) of Reader's mc100 of 5 June to Willem Brakel. 1 a copy of which I have enclosed. To a large degree, we based our propaaal u:pon such assurances and, further, to ensure that the data wul.d be hmdled properly we arranged for Reader to be at the Bank for three weeks 1n September to perfonn the preprocessing. Our concern st.ans from too fact t..."la t Reader has recentJ.y written to me {a copy of his letter is enclosed) stating that it would be 1ttotally of no value" to send data from the Farm !-1anagement Studies (FMS) to the Ban.le for analysis on the grounds that the da. ta have mt been edited and cannot be edited without reference t.o the original schedules, which--as original records-~ust remain at LLDP. Based on Reader's assurances, Mrs. Lele and I have heavily cormnitted ourselves to using the FMS data and are very disturbed by the possibility that they may not be available. Moreover, it is difficult for us to accept that data collected in 1969/70, 1970/71 and 1971/72 have not yet been edited in preparation for analysis. We should also like to use data from the 1972/73 Yield Study i.f they can possibly be made available, though here time is a more valid constraint. • Mr. A. M. Mercer 23 July, 1973 -2- I have i,aoi tten to Reader asking if there is any passible w;zy the FMS data can be utilized and have also solicited J1:m Scott• s opinion. Copies of these letters are enclosed for your information. Mrs. Lele and I should be most grateful if you could explore with J1:m Scott the question of our making meaningful use of these data and the passibility of getting the necessary- cards and supporting documents to the Bank by the first wee.le in September. As I mentioned to Jim., we may be able tn do a large part of the analysis of the 1972/73 yield data for him, thereby reducing somewhat the Evaluation Section's backlog of unanalyzed material. Mrs. Lele and I feel that we have been put in something of an awkward position regarding data. availability for the follow-up study, and we should certainly appreciate any- suggestions you might have as to how we might best resolve this matter. In }il:'s. Lele• s absence, I am handling the arrangements for the follow-up study, and I shall be at the above address through the third week in .August. I anticipate arriving in Lilongwe around the first week in October and shall look forward to seeing you then. Best regards. Yours sincerely, B. H. Kinsey Enclosures ( 4) cc: Mrs. Uma Lele, IBRD Ya-. Hans A. Adler, IBRD Mr. P. J. Scott, Lilongwe. r FOOD RESEARCH INSTITUTE STANFORD UNIVERSITY ST AN FORD, CALIFORNIA 94305 Telephone: (~15) 321-2300 Cabl e: FOODRES STANFORD ~ .·, I\ ~ > ~ July 23, 1973 Mr• Hans A. Adler Projects Department Eastern Africa Region IBRD 1818 H Street, N.w. Washington, n.c. 20433 Dear Mr. Adler: Following discussions with Mrs. Lele last week on the Lilongwe follow-up study, I am w:ri ting to inform you of an unanticipated develop:nent in regard to the availability of data for the study. Both in discussion with Mrs. Lele and in his memo of 5 June to Mr. Brakel ( in response to your memo to Mr. Ray), Mr. Reader, former head of the LLDP Evaluation Unit, has put forth assurances to the effect that data at LLDP "have been stored for the express purpose of enabling the [Evaluation] Unit, or any authorized outside body, to conduct additional research should the need so arise." The implication in this statement is that the data. have been used once for research purp::,ses and are available for further research. In a letter to me dated June 26, however, Reader states that "it would be totally of no value" to send to the Bank certain data central to the purposes of the follow-up study, as the data have not yet been given the necessary preliminary processing which would permit meaningful analysis to be done. Reader suggests instead that the Bank send a team ID Malawi for two months to put the data. in a condition suitable for analysis. In short, claims have been ma.de, which are now disputed, as to the availability and utility of data. As the survey Reader refers to in his letter ID me has been repeated annual.ly since 1969/70 and as none of the data collected in the annual surveys appear to have been analyzed, much less prepared for ana'.cy'sis, this w:,ul.d seem to invalidate Reader's statement in Para. 2(b) of t..h.e Brakel memo that only one survey remains unanalyzed. This unexpected revelation puts the follow-up study in a very awkward rx,sition. I am attempting, however, to ascertain exactly what data are now available and can be made usable so as ID maximize the value of the follow-up study, and I shall keep you informed of furt,her developnents. For your information, I am enclosing copies of Reader's letter to me, my respanse, and of a letter to Mr. Mercer, Program Manager at Lilongwe, expressing my concern. Enclosures ( 3) cc: Mrs. Lele . 1-: c) Does general equilibr:lwn beoome umnmageable ·it multiple cent.era or emploJll*lt are allowed tor? It ao • ot what value are mod.ele that UIUJJl• all work is in the CBD?J d) HCllf much ~ the denMmt tor boU81ng in urban areu can be e,r.pl a1ned by a market-eegmentation approach, one poaaible cause of which 18 diasrimil>.at.1.on? (macr1.m1n&t.1on in houamg in aitiee ot dffeloplng areu DJa7 be an important iaau.e o.ontront.tng the Bank in urban lerid:1.ng in the 1970'••> 4. The authors (p. 487) well deacribe the high bopea p11t m urban simulatim. aa a planntog dldce and the enau1ng d:l.•1111181.onment with it. Oranv models, perhaps the ultimate in :mizldl.••• determ1niam, are giving vq to ~ model.a designed to NY8al. the impact ~ well-d.efi?Jed poliaie1 on a f • kq ftrlablea." !his d.eacribea a major goal ot the Division' a research program u well u the currant. evolution ot the diacip e. l. First, tar our purposes, it ia lDlfortunate that thqauthors ignore at least halt of tbe literature related to urban economics over the last fifteen years - the portion the:, clesaify aa "anal:rsis ot problan such a.a cong tion, diecrimination 1n howwig and employmmt, and the fiscal difficulties '!: c1 ties. n 1heir concentration on growth end aimulation model.a to the. exclusian of all else makes a mockeq of the titJ.e of their article. 2. Be that as it may, the ct.hors' generalisations a'bollt salient feataires of modeling urban and regional &111team are relevant tor the DiVision's work if only because they point up the unde~ ldndlarity of stru.ctU'l"e beween developed and developug a1ti • Increaaing returns to seale over a relevant range• factor mobility (though imperfect) among regiorus and between urban and rural areas, and transport costs related to th wage rite so aa to include value of time 1n work t.r.1.pa are all elements of urban :tom eve.r,where in the world. Of se, urban area.ti of developing countries have their c,wn charaoteriatic .teatures, notabq severely distorted .f'actor markets dominated b.Y" lower than equilibrium prices for capital. and foreign exchange and higher than equilibr.ium prices tor industrial u.tior. Nothing our work so .f'a:r, hor,eyer, has led u.s to cono1ude that the baa:tc process ditf'er in fundamental ways. J. This -.id, do we then conclude that theo17 ,,ae:thocLare aubatitutabl.e 1n advanced and developing cmtexta7 '!he carer ia prob&bly yea. For example, Muth'a and others' discuasiona about the appropriateness of a negative exponential .t'Jmll for the land price-distance funQtion (p. 477) baa bean paralleled for clffEiloping areas by wrk in the Di: on ebow1ng that this .tunction also provides a good axplanatim f"Or variations in land ,price in Kinahasa (se .A,ppendi.X, Zaire Urban Sector Survey Report). Resu:tt f'or ~ -.i::-: Abidjan vlll. be available shortly. There is a qu.eation,. though, aa to her, ~ deep11" We want to enter into the 'cypeS ot approaches outJ.ined in the article. r Evaluation of this question is not e&ST since the article does not deal · • ·: with the literature themat.ical11'. It mei-e~ aynopsisea each major contributiDn ~ · instead ot ana.1.7zing the assumptions and postulates common to several approacheq. The article might have treated questi.mla such as, , a} How necesa&rY" is the assumption of constait marginal transport coats in models of urban areas?; b) How can an urb&11 modi). preti.ct individual behavio• without specifying a form tor the utility 1'mction? Is this fo:rm (or my fonn.) realistio?J INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION I RECONSTRUCTION INTERNATIONAL BAN K FOR AND DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION 0. , OFFICE MEtv\ORANDUM I I TO: Files f- ~ DA TE : July 27, 197 J FROM · Frank Vibert SUBJECT: Israeli Export Credit Guarantee Proposal - Comments of New York Financial Institutions 1. This note records the main points made to me by the financial i nstitutions (Morgan Guarantee, Manufacturer s Hanover Bank, First National City Bank) I visited in New York on the afternoon of July 24 and on July 25 . Use of IBRD Guarantee Authority 2. The market for medium to long term credit instruments between deve loping countries depends on the particular transaction and particular countries involved . A Bank guarantee on the paper could make the market much more like the short-term trade financing market in Bankers acceptances where what is important for the market - ability of the instrument is the presence of a prime signature . J. However, the general feeling was that the capital goods exporting countries which would be affected by the Israeli proposal are the more creditworthy developing countries which can borrow as much as they want directly in the mar ket and certainly against any expected export proceeds . In present conditions the market is extremely competitive and a margin of 2% over the cost of funds would be considered a very good margin even for an LDC borrower . The effect of an IBRD guarantee might be to reduce the margin by say 1% ( to which would have to be added any guarantee charges) .Y 4. If the Bank were to guarantee export credit paper it would be important to keep the instrument simple . Multiple guarantees beyond say the guarantee of the Central Bank of the importing country and IBRD itself could impede marketability . There was a general feel- ing that a guarantee by a Regional Development Bank and the exporting country would be mmecessar-J . It would also be important that the coverage of IBRD's guarantee be very clear, preferably covering both poll tic al and commercial risks. A partial guarantee , s ay to cover only political risks, would invite legal questioning, and a discounting Bank would have to look beyond the IBRD guarantee in order to as sess the c omm.ercial risks. Both factors would weaken the effect of the guarantee. 1/ Manufacturers Hanover Bank pointed out that there would be a very heavy administrative burden in operating a guarantee scheme . Quite apart from project appraisal and country creditworthiness analysis there would be the whole question of the class of goods being financed and the terms being offered which in practice involved a very considerable burden . This would be an important consideration if a guarantee fee we re related to administrative costs. TO: Files - 2 - July 27, 1973 5. Of the institutions I talked to, Morgan Guarantee was the most positive about the usefulness of the guarantee. First National City Bank was sympathetic and Manufacturers Hanover Bank was very skeptical. Both of these latter two institutions thought that under current market conditions where developing countries have direct, access to the market under very competitive conditions, the Bank would have to consider carefully whether direct lending to facilitate exports would not be more useful than using the guarantee authority. 6. Neither Morgan Guarantee nor First National City Bank seemed to think that guaranteed obligations of the Bank would have any side effects on the Bank I s direct obligations. On the other hand, Manufacturers Hanover thought that there definitely could be an adverse impact unless the Bank, possibly acting through IFC, took steps to ensure orderlY marketing of the guaranteed instruments, supporting the market if necessary. 7. It was clear from my conversations that these institutions are very much influenced by the current situation of abundant global liquidity. A tight Euro-market could both affect the access of develop- ing countries to the market and increase the cost margin between prime borrowers (say Exxon) and developing countries. The effectiveness of the Bank's guarantee would be correspondinely much greater both in reducing costs and improving the availability of finance. All of the institutions assumed that they would be using Euro funds for these credits. IFC Consortium 8. I sounded out how these institutions reacted to the idea of an IFC organized consortium of Banks. Morgan Guarantee felt IFC parti- cipation could be useful in providing a multilateral umbrella for private investors. However, both Manufacturers Hanover Bank and the First National City Bank reacted negatively to the idea. They felt that the IFC would not provide an umbrella since sophisticated private institutions would be relying on their own judgements about the creditwort.hiness of a country and some countries for example, Chile, seemed keener to preserve their standing vis-a-vis private creditors thanthey were against official. In general, there was much less interest in the IFC scheme than in the idea of the Bank using its guarantee power since they did not see what improvement IFC could possibly bring to the market. cc: Messrs. Stern Haq Qureshi Kuczynski Hulley Swaminathan FVibert:ms July 20, 1973 Miss P. A<\v St. Anne'• College Clld'ord OI2 6HS ~land Dear Prof'essor Ady"t Philip Hayes h&S asked me to reply to ycur letter o! June 29. Perhaps you are aware that he ie leaving the Bank to taloe up an appoint- ment with the Cmmonvealth Secretariat in London aa Director or their Trade and Finance D1via1on. 'Walter Labya visited us last week and we discussed the desired revisions in ymr research proposal on "Camnodity Orientated Planning Model tor Malaysia"• You are perhaps aware that the Bank has requested Alan Brollll to convene a seminar in the f'1rst week or October. on ettect of' exchange rate changes and innation on the prices of' primary cOllllllodi• ties exported by the developing countrie8. I hope to see you at that tiae and go over the research proposal sq that it can be reto:nmlated to meet the queries raiaed by the Research Committee. ~h regards, cc: Messrs. - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - ~ I < I r 1 ·1 l , ••• ~ ~, 1· 1, • : r L •• ' L ( r \' '~ T I.. ..- .• ' I . • • I / ,~<., 1JL I/\ I I C,:J 1![(( ' , . " J• 11 ', ; ,. \ I • t .., - ~ 0 FT IC' c j[_ / 1~\1~ t,\/1· v.!") 1·',\I• __ 1 r··, TO. L·. D:.iL; 2,:'..a,; j{ . r: ,.:~:r-c , C:1 ~t·f, U!~r;,,, JJ:·:J •./ ., FROM: Juma i'.:-,ria s~rnt I J.nn-1., UYl.:2:lJ, JJl..::i) SUEJJECT: -- ~----·------- ------ ______. _______________ I'ro;.;ress ?,-n:>r~: )i')11s"i.ri·· '; 0 ·rl :, :-·.nr! ?ri"l:,-,it"c:; ;";td·; ~ 1. 1)~·.:;.;::- 8~)f; c.: tr>~ h ,)'..:sjr_~ s:..li.d:~-, ';·~::c~~ y0~i...e::--:l~-.,t, I O~;t;"!l~l~':l infor! ,-.tjo~ . O:"; 1 1,:,--,..-, 1 i11dicclted that t}:'-! stud:r :is r,oinz ~.'ell ·1~ .. i th~. . :. an in;Jut .f:~(..:11 t}:-3 ; 1 1:T·: :-::.:: not be ncc:e:;~;a rJ bcf'ore tl-w Fo.11. J·~r . Sudra inf01 T". c·:u ;,,~ of th e .:'ollO\·:-:: :~s: (a) i-'ro:;1 ,h! I!C 11 to JuJ~r ?O, he }18.S accc:-,pl:i.slicd: (.i) ti'; re,ie-,; of t:-.c. findjnc:::~~ fro1.1 t.hrcc djf_:\.;rt..,nt }1ouccll':>ld s·:!=:._;;ltJ ;:;~~!.. "1,-t...y·s, !"i'"... --cl:r, the :-::.:~:::_~::..apl Govecn:i~e?~t, 's, L:1c Jra~.:i!l~.i.al Uni·versjL:,. . ':~, ,-:,nd t~in :.:-.c:.:icr:..1l L' .."'!i\e2·s=:.t,~;-t ~;-.,:;:i~..-, co;71y,;·jsi-:-·r; a tot.::} of 1..'::)c)i....L (OJ cn:,,)s, to cst:tbli:c;h },o'.c -:~;,,11,i c::-i~.eri2. .:::' t,\-:J se.lccL"i.on o; cuc:c s:,u~L~3; (ii) tnJ revie,. of i::.i··:;:,~:::'l..~,,:i p:::i' -.::.l:iL[' to :::.i Joc~l i ~ic ~ ,,.ri ~,hi11 ::r~xic.-J Cj_t:r ;-~~t10;:.:-J .. L'"'~u1 2.L·~;:1, .!1../) cst.:~b} i~;;h }->.;... :.j_c2.l ::'i..;J0!'.i q ,. r .1 V r u.... J. ·1 c-,...,; .. ~ __ h C Wt,. 1·r ..:,,_.. ..,. __ "- 0 ..L JJ.J ~ J.~ . • ~ ... .~ C .. r ::) - i..,l.h c;.._.1L, .J >> I • l l ( ..: '1 \, \.... • j.;_.. i ~·-.1' ( ~ J . ......--1 0 0 .; . \;, .L. r " 0,... ' 0 ..... ; ~ .JV ) ., .J ... • ~ .-..0.1 - - c..:-..:::, ·;;,..J ' ... ~ .: -1 ~ · ...,- .1.. .J ..L ..; I" "'.::I ..... . , ,_ ,.. - ... ,,,..,i ,-. fo~ ·hr, l, d.l,,) v. '-' f ·',-ld • ~-- ··o>•], . - • (•\ ·r,c·r u~.J L·d'- '-' - .. , • , •. l,.• ~~-, '.',..,x1· c.~n '" ,~1..,1+c""'" .. · ..-,c,,,.;c,·l',,,,,C" C. L• ,. •· 1 '-'' Lv. 1 ·-· . ' .• ~- .... - '. . ... cl circ0s); (.;v) cst.J;i}js)t:..<'nt. z.1f nd-:l:.:."i.:m"':_ Cl'it.~rj_;~ fo1· s,J}1l,tic !:. of c:;.~·':) 1 studies, "'id tl·:· fir,.1-l ~-c:J.... ::L.:.-),J o,.' b.:.:u~;:,:1.,~,:ld1-. .::J.• j:11; cc,:,~:, to ·:1 -J j,1:::l·.-::-2-: i:: th?. J'CS ' :!r'(~l°l . (b) 'l'he 1 c~~uj fro::i Ju].', 23 to Ss:/., ,:nb8r ?J., ,,i"'._1 ;ie d ·Jd .'...:::tt..ed to t:1e uP.:ic·- t.:1ki::;; of' .field \:or:: on the ?S c ,_se studies pl:.:nnr:.•c:. ( c ) }3;'1 h.te ~.;Gptc;'tbcr or ~arJy O:::t0be!', 1973, t.hc:r·~ ,1ill be a r;0":,inG <=-t ', :18 funk to cL,c:j(l,3 the µ1·;.)cc:~ ,.i.ng sy~k)::. to be: c:i.Ji,l.'.:d and to evalus.te tLc .,.,~·,.·· linin:i.ry c0nc>Jus:io.1;; f1·c,:i t.:1r• field 1-.·0r,~ . !·~r. ~>.dra ;:ilL :.hen rc:-:i:i:in i.:: t he US for S to 10 day8 , consuJ.ti11g for t.:ce }~:,.n!: . ( d ) The months of Octo'L,cr and llove;-iber 197.3, \Jill be cfovoted, i!:! ~'.e::-:i o, to t he processing of d.?.to. and to the p1:cp.J.ri.itio!"1 of Repo1·t ~;o . 1 , di..:.e J .3::;~:-:·:::cr 1st . B, Prof . John Tnrncr 1 ~1xu·Licip:1tion 2. I n addition to his particip2tion on the October ~cgtinz, t he Ban1c r.d E;ht consider requesting P1·of . Turner to give an earl~{ i:1p11:. :.o t he prep3.ration of Report Jlo . 2 , due June 19711 , by th e latter p3.rt of :;),·;.::-.:>er 1973 (abo u t 5 m.:1.11days ). Decision on this o.nd on t h e subsequent ~ri..ici~'?.c.ion of Pro f . Turne r i n t ho p r oject , s hould be reached at the October meeti~& · C. Budge t J. A total o f $ 7, 900 has b een a l l o cated for field 1-~:-r: i n Hexico C:i ty, payable to Hr . Tomasz S-:.idra . Of t:ie:=;e, !;:J,9'.)'.) ::,s 2.::..:- ·: :_; by the end of October. This arrangement would interfere ,nth the payment of r esea r c:1 ass.is L3.::-1Ls in August. and Sept,e:.:iocr . n. . s 1-u·o_pJse..:. :,.~:::..: .. : ~;_.,c :._ : ~~--~ is: four pa yment s of $1 ,000 each, on the follol-ling d8.tes - Au~c1st. 13: 3~:.:,te:-::°:)cr 14, Octobe r 15, a 1id October Jl . A decisfo::1 on this :natt..--,!· shoul:l b, ~· c-c,~11:d· as s oon a s po ssible to allow Controller ' s to rnl-:c the 1,:::~cs~;:1ry ;:;h~u.:~s ::.::-. :: ::-.~. I .I TEr.\i~T1c:,:., _ t ir.vrt. o r·/ c: ~~T I 1N;·i f : :·11; \:.1. f't~' '< i--r,;-· I t' r ~ ; .': , ' , .. : ! r· I •• :. • ' A~:,C•C If. T I O,l fif CON St h !··-, I c. · , r.:,;, L,f \ 'r L Ui :-:~ :i1 Ct, ~ .. f' '.1 L.: \ T I ,_1, J O FF!CE fv\c/'v10RANDLJ/\/\ TO: i'lr. D'.)uglac ll . Ke,1:;·:3 , C!1icf , Uitc:D, DED D/, TE: July 20, 197 3 FROM: SUBJECT : - 2 - D. Rio de Janeir'.) s~ mple lrnd case studies The att.:-1che d letter to :.:r. DarnPy Hush d o. ted July 19, 1973, states in detail the deci s:Lc ns :nade o.bout t h e Bric~z ilian port ion of the ~ has agr8cd ,:ith l·ir. Rush, to r •2 (:ei_-,e housing re s()u. !'c'. h, Basically, Uie Y..i l:... four rather th,rn six ca s e stud:~es f ro;n. Rio, plus th e cross-tabulations o.: a JOO cas e s S3.::-tpJ.e sm·vey h e :i.s p rese::it1y co nduct i ne :in the ~2,!2.iun-Lo'2. ('!_:;U!)li c apartment hou::;in [; for loHer incor1c 6 roups ). Hr . Ru sh 1:as i:rvit. ed to j o i:1t the Octo:Jer 171e0ting 3t the Dank, &nd Has asked to disc us;, then his taoula tion plans for the s::ir:iple survey dat a . AHSant ' Anna: ams CC : Hr. Jor-11 Turn e r CJ¥:ltral Files J/" '··- t-- l . .. !·i' • T ;; i. ~·~ " ......... .. 41 .. ~ • 't Mes.era. J. War.ford and R. Schkolnick Y. Rovani Costa Rica Telecommunications Research Study Tems of Reference 1. Mr. Schkolnick, accompanied by Mr. Littlechild, a consultant whose participation is detailed 1n a separate terms of reference, should arrive in San Jo e on July' 29. Mt-. Warford will join the mission on August 2m • 2. The object of Mr. Schkolnick•s mission is twofold. He will collect further data on his study o.f network costs am revermes, dis- cussing with ICE engineers questions relating to traffic measurements am operating am maintenance costs. He will also participate in dis- cussions on the proposed rural telecommunications research project. 3. Mr. War.ford 1 s will be primarily concerned with the rural telecomunications project. Based on grouniwork prepared by Messrs. Schkolniok am Littlechild, he will explain to faculty members of the University of Costa Rica and ICE the nature or the problem as seen by the Bank, a.Irl discuss the broad outline to be followed in the research study. He will encourage co-operation between ICE a.n:l the University 4. The mission will return to Washington on or about August 8, when a back-to-office report will be prepared • . Miss .Anastasia Shkilnyk Depart.ment of Urban studies MIT Cambridge, Massachusetts Dear Anastasiaa Enclosed you will. find the Terms of Reterence for NETWORK's participation in the monitoring and evaluation of site and services projects for the period July l, 1973 - December 31, 1973. I spoke with John Tullner on July 18, and we agreed that the next meeting of NETWORK representatives with the Bank staff would occur on October l, 1973, to discuss these Terms of Reference and a schedule for the !all. We would hope that John Harris and John Turner could attend that meeting, which will be primarily foe11sed on organizational concerns. As soon as I hear from Dakar, I will let you know ot the current state of &ff airs. Sincerely, STUDY TlTI E CITY NA'IDRE OF STIJDY TOTAL COST BANXLIDA FINANCING DRAFT FINAL REPORT NA 1URE OF BANK INVOLVEMENT 1. The Automobile and Urban Urban tranaport $ 25,000 $ 25,000 5/73 Research project, aimed at investigating role Transport of automobile in urban areas. 1/ 2. Site and Services Monitoring Dakar Urban settlements, $461,()()()""" $461,ex>oli Dakar: 9/76 Eva luate existing site and services projec ts: ( two others) genera 1 urban support site and services project desi gn. 3. Criteria and Pilot Project Study Dakar Evaluation of criteria 3/74 Attached to Credit 336-SE (Site and Services for upgrading/ eradication Project) of slum areas 4. Penetration Road /Urban Corridor Amman Urban transport $400,000 $300,000 11 / 73 Attached to First Highway Project (Credit 262-JO) 5. Urban Transport and Land Use Istanbul Urban transport, urban $3,300,000 $2 ,300,000 To be considered as part of Istanbul Urban Model land use Development I (Board presentation 2/74) 6. Klang Valley Regional Planning Development Study (Malaysia) Regional development $460,000 - (UNDP) 3/ 73 Study reviewed 4/73 and consultants to complete additional work by 9 /73. Detailed project preparation resulting from study in connection with 2nd. Highway Loan to Malaysia and others (FY 75) Ur ban Tranf!-port StudieA Kuala Lumpur Urban t ran1port policies $540,000 $540,000 12/73 Attached to Federal Highway Project (851-MA) 8. Mau Tran Bit Study Singapore Phase I: ur ban mas, transit $596,800 - (UNDP) 7/73 Study expected to lead to projects in mass Phaae II: feasibility study of recommended $460,000 - (UNDP) Not yet determined transit in FY 75 and FY 77 sy1t@m 9. Transport and Urban Development Abidjan Genera l urban $1 million $700 , 000 6/74 Study expected to lead to urban development project in FY 75 10. Transport Study Teheran Urban transport $1.6 million 7/73 Phase I study has been completed and is being (Phase I) reviewed by government and Bank 11. Transport Study San Jose Urban tranaport $720,000 -cIDre!i-nment) Phase I: 9/74 Support traffic improvement and trans por t (Costa Rica) Phase II : not yet determined planning effort, 12. Urban Development Study Bogota General urban $1. 6 million -cHire?;nment) Phase I: 9/73 Study expected to lead to urban development project in FY 75 '}:/ Provisional figures. Mr. Maurice Curtia 63 Carlton Manaions Randolph Avenue London W. 9. INGI.AND Dear Mr. Air Tranaport Study Thank you for aending us the d.ra.t'ts so far completed on your air transport study, which we have read with interest. B;y now you 1. The Terms of Reference are ext.naive, and the resources to mHt them limited to 15 manweeka. care therefore haa to be taken to focus very speoitio&lly on thoae aspects most relevant to the objectives of the stuey, particularly the operational med.a ot this department in identifying and appraising tourian projects. 2. The draft contains a number of judgements which would have added force it supporting data were 8Ul11D18l"ised, or reference given to an apprcpriate annex • ... ). A su.miwry v1ll be needed highlighting the atu~' s main con- clusions. 4. Whilst we agree that the draft should not be "padded" with I ,.,,. .... out-o.t-date or irrelevant data, we would expect the .f'inal dratt to .. ---- contain the main reference material needed to support the study's ........ ........ .c- conclusions. "- ..... ,J' - ,.t ~ ~ r - 5. We recognize that the question of costs and benetita of alter- "1,,: . ;#. ~ native aviation policies is an extremely complex one that cannot be 4 1 • ..- easily generalized. We suggest that this question be approached 1n ""> ,. tel"Jlls of the identifiable costs and benefits to airlines and airport .I.,. .... ___ ..._ • r 1 j -.,... ... - 2 - authorities as the result o! the expansion ot touriam, and the means whereby th••• may be properly captured in the appraisal ot touriam projects. I attach an annex containing some prel1.ndn.ary comments on the draf'ta so tar rece:ived. We look forward to seeing you in Waahington shortly. Sincerely youre, ~ A.. Simmon.a Juu(s Chief', Division I Tourism Projects Department AIR TRANSPORT STUUY July 16, 1973 PrelL':linary Comments on Comoliarx: e with Terms of Reference, Drafts as Received at July 13 , 1973 Section of Ten-is :if P.eference Draft Report Ref erring C o mme n t s A. A b:~ef swr.J:2..l'"Y of -orld air transport : 'his section ;;ould provide a swmnary of gene ral data and Exhibit l Tb!l draft includes a useful list of main data sources on aviation , indicating their in.formatio as_ a background to tre :-est of the Study . It would include, relevance to the study . int.er alia : - ~scrip~ion of the ci.ffe rent categories of passenger air transport C This broad subject is generally adequately described . The extent to which scheduled -iich they are competit.ive with or ope:::a-:.ions, t:ie ways in ... and non- scheduled oparations may be complementary might be elaborated somewha-:. . Tb!l coir.plementarJ to each other, and tra roles they are likely to play scale factor, or point at which a touris t destination is well enou gh developed to attrac-:. in future tourism develo)?illent . charters should be discussed . - :.ey statistics on trends in ta, development of different categories Al A further brief presentation of standard statistics might be helpful, perr.aps with of air transport - c:lobally by regions, arrl where appropriate , for reference to an Annex . ma j or s:;:.ecifi c destinations . - Identi~ication Q!' significant ~=ends it principal international a::.:: fa:-es and ?Msenger (especially ':.ourist.) flows . Revie·..ed i n outline , and so.re significant conclusions d:::awn . - Changes i n tr.e composition of world air transport fleets. A4 Brief table to indicate incre ase in unit capacity of aircraft r.ught be use.f\il. Implications of fleet change s a.."'e of more interest t han statistics. Critical revie. ard comparison of a nu.~ber of forecasts of future Not yet received. Summary of main forecasts is an i.'1!portant part of the study . ex;iandon of air transport, and of tourist travel by air . AJ Consultants' judgme nt }s needed on t hs reliability (ar.d. performance where available) of t he mai n forecasts. B. A !'"ati.e·,1 0f :.nt.ern.ation.:il policies and agreements, influencing ai.· t=ansoort. rhis 13 r s .:hose respon sibilities, and/or ob jectives, influence air transport operations . B. 2 Covered. Tne L,ter- nation ag:::eenEnts unde r which air services are permitted between countries. B.J Covered . rr-..:ferent ty-,,es of national o:::ganizations which are responsibl e for c:ru.n,ri.es' .;:;::.a-:.ion po~cies a."1d tr£ licensing and regulation of B.l Covered in outline . The section on specific countries, not so far received ma.y be air tra.nspor~ serVices . expec ted to outline the situation in each . The special r ole of IATA, and tl-e emergence of IACA . B.2 Covered in out line . Other inter- airline relati onships which affect air transport B. J Covered in outline . Per haps some specific examples might be hElpful, but su::h dsvelo~~ent such as traffic- pooiL,g , equipment- pooling, joint use information i s presuir.ably confidential. of traff:!L: rights, etc. Trends in verticai arrl horizontal L,tegration of air transport with B.4 Treated in r ather general terms. The si gnificance of increasing integr,tti on to c-:.r.e:· touris:n operations suc.'1 as hotels, tour operating and surface tourist developments might be further developed . trailsport. - 2 - Section of draft report Te:-:ns of Reference referring C o mm e n t s C. The r ole of air transport in touris:n development with special r e!ere r>:e to tro e conomics o! air transport and air transport ~r ici ng ool icies '!'his s ection ;;ould review an:i comment on: Trends arrl changes in international air fare policies, arrl probable C Reviewed in outline. futur e de7elopments . Trn met.'1odology used for esti:nating tra impact ·of air fare changes Not received so far. Estimates of price elasticity of derr.and presumably fea t ure o:i 1.ra!fic flcr.,s. large ly in Traffic Conference discussions. A~parent disparities between air fare levels and probable reasons or justifications f or these. Reasons for disparities may be too various and accidental for a general view. Some discussions of air fare levels to specific countries should be i.,cluded in th9 "countries" section (F below), mt so far received . Trends in different types of air charter operations and their illlpict on tro.:!'ic fle ws . Covered in general terms . T!:le: econc:::!.:: s of sche duled ar.d charter international passenger Further detail is needed, such as a fur ther breakdown of airline (a s opposed t0 aircraft.) service s . cos ts . The main fact.ors which ir.fluence ai r trans port total operatfng Further discussion would be helpful, particularly of the economics of small na t ional airline s . costs; dis;,a:-:i.ties between differ ent operatio ns; and prospects for el:iJninating disparities and minilllizing cost s whilst generating reasonable profits. Possib l e conflicts bet.ween national air transport and national This ir.lportant s ection needs some elaboration , and s pe cific examples indicated in the tou:-i sm polic i e s . "countrie s" section (F below). D. Exa."11.nat ion of the characteristics of, and trends in inclusive tour cne rat.ions '!'his se c:ion •Joul:i r eview a.ni ~o=ent on : T::e di :'.'feren t t y;,e s of nor,- sc heduled operations and thei r growth, with C. 2 Some discussion of (a) •Gateway' charters, such as to Bani;kok , feeding regional IT s e rvi c e s, s:;ec::al :-e f ere nce :.0 cha=-~= inc lusive tours and new types of non- (b) f ly-cruise, (c)"charter cruises" might be of interest to the extent that the;r are schec!uled ope rations nC}',I eme rg~ng . relevant to tourism t.o LDC I s . Internationai and national attitudes to non-sche dlled operations, incl uding IATA at.titudes . Covered in gene ral terms . The e conor.i:.cs of inclusive tour s by sc:ie c:ule d and charter carriers, to include : The com;:,onen ts of the sellir.g- pr ic es of inclusive tcu rs, The factors determining the cost of the individual component s .' ) D Much of this information is confidential , but a mo~ detailed analysis should be possible. A simple model might be developed whereby appraisal teams could estimate probable inclusiva Tre proble:ns of canpetition and profit margins . tour prices from a given origin to a given LDC . Ei"fect. of v ert.ical int.egrat.ion on inclusive tours . Tha a ttrac tions of inclusive t.our operations to the public, to Of particular relevance is the attractions or otherwise to hotel operators and gover:1:nent. the tour wholesalers , a.-rl to the other operators concerned . tourist autho r i ties of charter I Ts . This needs further discussion. - 3 - Section of Teri-.s of Refe rence draft repor:t. referrring Comments - Scheduled- se rvice reac t ions to -r.on- scheduled op;rations, and to c hart.e r in::l usi ve tours in particular, Covere d as well as could be expected in a general study. - Tre a r eas·of tile .orld i n .hie~ c har ter ir.clusive tours are an ~r::?Qrtan~ factor i n tocris::i developmen t, likely spread to otror are..s , ar>.d t he liice 7 effe ct on t.our i sm deve lopment in those areas. Can perhaps be best discussed in the "countries" section (F below) . - Specif i c implications on the design of hotels and other tourism An important section for the purposes of the study, not a dequately cover ed as yet . For plant of tre growth of charter inclusive tours . exa,11ple, the min:ill!um size of indi vi du.al hotels, or the minimum facilities available in a resort area , before s pe cific types of chart ered tourism become possible . - Tha l ). k:ely long- term pu:.ce of charter inc::.usive tour s in world So~e long- term proj ections should be pos sible , and the implicat ions for LDC•s reviewed . air t.r~Js;>or~ . ~. :.xa:r~na"io ~ of che cost/be nefi t aspect s of a l t er native civil a·r:..a tier~ xlicies Thi s sec tion would cover; with examples where appropriate: This section has so far not been r eceive d . Generali zations will be difficult but an ext.e ns i ve checklist shoul d be incl uded of all identi fiable cos ts and bene f i t s r ~lat.ed - !i-.e a;,p:.ication of co s t/benefit analysis to alte r nat i •re civil to avi ation a spe cts of touri s t development, to airline s and to airport authorities . c=L\-i..s.~i~n ;>ol!.cics, S".Jch as pro tacti on va!'" sus "ope n sk-.1 11 • - Tr.;, ex"en: v., .hich tr~ effect en ~~ri sm potential and its associated econoi'lic a.,d social bene f its and costs sho uld, or can, be taken i11.to accamt in ..ir transpo rt c os ../be nefit analysis and the problems of relating t he c os t s and benefits of tourism to part icular air trans - . ' ;iort proje c t.s . ~~~ o7ob:e~s of e valuation of c7oss - subsidization of air t rar..sport proj~cts !~oo inco~e ger.e rated by tourism devel opmen t. - Ot:.er a:isccia;,ed problem, ir. air transpor .. cos t / oene f i t ana lyses es::.ecially .'i.th r egard to ex ~ern li t ies such as na t ional pre sti ge , llii~ional security, tec hnica l pr ogres s , manufacturer bene f i ts, int erru. ~i onal political r elati onships, ate . Cor.s:..C.eration of poss:.ble alt.ernat.i·.n long- ter.n vi ews of air tr~~?ort projects a~d ~heir L~plic at~ons for t ourism developmea t - a.,d vf .,he in"~ rrela~d effect of pricing policie s in both air ~rar.sport and touris~ on t te cost a nd ber.efi t s of touri sm development . - The general probl em of demand-forecasting for air trans port pro jects , as the basis fo r cost/be nefit a:ialysis and t h3 need f or all such de"and for ecasts to take full ac cou nt of long-term tourism potential w1d of the pr ice - ela3tic i t y of tourism demand . F. .~:-kys'!.s o.: t:~ ai:- tranc:port si t uc:.tion in specific LDC's with par- . .: . . ,~-:..~· .... ~f&>-fl""e t.o tre imolications uf air transoo r t policy and,. · ;)-:-a.~:ize s on tne :.ourisrn potential of' thos e c ountri ~.3 1::ri.s se c .. i on would eY.amine t he si tuation in a select ion of count ries to This sec tion has not ye t been r e ceiv~d . Questionnaire s were sent ..o a ppr opr iate 't!le extent t hao data can be ob ta.in&c fro m rat ional and international aut horit i e s in all ..he coun t r ies l isted, bu t r e s ponse has . been poor . However, i:. is sci~=ces , ir~ resp.act of : expec te d that e nough data will be avail abl e f rom published se>..1rce s to deal . ~ .. h most factual matters . Judemen t s on t he appropriateness or ot!lerwise ,Jf no.tional aviatio n - '!'~e str-~t.ure of the air t r a. '1.3 pcr:. i ndust:-y. policie s are likely to prove more difficult and controvc:-sial. s '.:'i'.e nat i onal air t r a.'13,xi:-t policy in r e s pe ct of: its own national Ba sic data on the listed countries should, to the extent possible, be presented in .. i r ss'!"Vice s ( ex te rnal and i nte:-nal): its attitude towards foreign t:.bular form . ope ~ator s (sc hedule d and non-sc he dul ed). In som e of t he countries lis te d, the ope ning of com.118rcial air rou t es to mai.."lland Trends in deve l opzr.en.. of air services and air traffic, anc any China could be of signifi cance to tourism . Similarly, the possible deve l opw.en t of a;,;,.,:ent cons t r aint s on t his deve l opmen t includi ng whdther nat i o:'.1.al in-.e r~ontinental air routes offerring an alternative to the well establishe d orunk r ou te s . 'prov. c ave' policies appe a r ..o inhibit t ~ £> gro..-til o.f tourism. - 4- Section of Terms of Reference draft repor t Co mme n t s referring - The levels of air fares (exte:-nal and internal) and the extent t.o i.hich t..11eae see:n incc;nsisten:. with gene ral world air fare levels a."J.d possibly iru'ri.bit tho growth ~f touris:i . :1:-ridence of any pro bable chan ge s in national air transport po licy and examination of any known plans for air transport p::-oj ects loihich may contribute to tourism develoj: . ... I . i, • t • , JI t - "' ~ . ... ..,. d . .... - .,,. ~- . - .... ,.'. ... . ~ t ... I . }---- .. - - , • l I • ~ r ·- . . . ¥ ... ~ .... ,_.. ....,, Ii" - ,, - ~ .- ·\, ....... • .. . r . . :.,. ... . y I"' I 't . I'. ~ ~ ~.· . II l ... .. ,. tf .... .... , ..... t:~ . j • , • ""-. ,~ ;.. ~. -....._,-..,r ,. . • .. ... .. '.'...( ?" .,.. ( 1, .- i"'" ..i_,.· •• ~.·~- ... .•.. ... "' ~ "" I t r I'., ,,. .. ~ .,-fl .- l - ..r 1" .'it-. ~ .,,,, .. .... . II I .•, - _ ... II . 1.. .. ,.. .. ~-- JI" .... ,.. _.... - ... - ·-~. 4 . .,. .. . ""• 1 II, ~ .. '-' -I r . l"p ... .... . ~ .J .. . "' ,.I. I -.:: '1 •.:.. L " ~ . . - .. _ . _,,.~ . :S= ~~ .r "I: ......... ~ . - ...... .., • ,. .... 't1 ... \. • .. ••• "' -- • .• •. · · - •• ...• . ~t .. -'l •., .. ~.. ~I J - J -c" ~ •' .- .,,- -- • I • .._ --..-,- 1.1111• ..... , . . . . . "'),. ' • • -1_ ~ ~-- - "11 r - • .. • •., J ". .......,_.... I l., . I -,.~,rr- 1.--.,. 1,;·,t- .....: : . . . . ·s, .,e • ,r1 • .. ~ II ... 1"' . 'lo -· 1 • ._... J• .• J Lt -- ,.., .- "'-- - . .. ..... ~ " I I . l ... ~.,fr,- ... ... __ .-. I . I - J ~' • { .- ' ~.·:,. • Ji ,... ·. • - ' ..... -~ l ~ .c II .. - J-~ • ' - l,j. .- . • .,•.,..I 1 r" ...... • • ' I ,- • ,_. .... •• I' .- .,. I J_. -• l"'I,. .... , .. ...,, ... ,.• 14- 11 II;: ,.- n1~' . ..,...;_···,:l-·!a;i . . -.,. ~ I .I,_ --~. -. ·1 . .·, - , . ...,. . ')'~ ~ ... -... tf L,'',· ... "1l . \ I I, r . ... ..... .... ~ ,, ..:,_ :: - -- .r'· ·_,.-. ..... (• ~ ila. . l • I r , ... I• ., I "(_ ·r .-.,. .... •, ._ l I "k' .. r,."L. • I ... J • J _..,. ·--" r. I' .... Jr ..) ... ~· ,;_ '""'· ':: & I .'" _....-. -- . ~ • I" ' . .... ' . \.. • I ... . ::,-,.. i 1 ....- 'I .. ./ I • ... • p . ..... -. - .\ ... • r • .L ... - al • ... ....... I L• II ... • I o, P- l~..i c_l /. PD '2.q) FOOD RESEARCH INSTITUTE STANFORD UNIVEl~SITY STANFORD, CALl£'0RNIA 94305 C,blr: FO ODIU ·~ ~T A N H JKD July 19, 1973 }T. R. A. Reader Golds land '..lenvoe Cardiff, UiHTBD KINGDCM Dear r-:r. Reader : Thank you very much for your letter of June 26, which has been forwarded to ma frcm Washington. On behalf of both .Mrs. Lele and myself, I should also like to thank you for your assistance while you -ware in Lilongwe in June. It will be a great help to have the Sociological Survey and the 1971/72 Garden and Yield Surveys duplicated and shipped to the &i.nk .well in advance of beginning the actual follow-up study. In this regard, could you please supply me with the name and address of the individual at ?ortl~nd Cement Company whom I should contact if correspondence is needed in regard to shipping arrangements or billing? Hopefully the 1972/73 Yield Surveys will have been keypunched and edited by the end of August so that they can be sent to the Bank at that tL~e. I understand that Jim Scott has leased a keypunch and verifier from ICL for use at LLD?, and this equipment should greatly facilitate the Evaluation Unit's data processing activities. I shall be writing to ~:r. Scott in the near future to ascertain the status of the 1972/73 survey. I am ~ost concerned by your statement that it would be of absolutely no value to send the Farm Management Survey (FMS) cards to Washington. As I believe you have seen the proposal for the Lilongwe follow-up study, you will be . aware that the principal areas of concern are three: (1) credit distrioution patterns and performance, (2) yield changes and extension i :npact and (3) implications of income changes for consumption, savings and investment. V:e are counting very heavily on the ~HS to supply information in all three of these nreas. I have re-examined the Fi"l.S forms and very much a ?preciate the complexity involved ~nd your concern with carrying out preliminary analysis checks. !-1uch of the complexity, however, appears to stem from the recording, day-by-day and month-by-month, of labor inputs and oper ations. ~'bile it is extremely valuable, we are not really inter- ested in this aspect of the data and, by my calculations, perhaps less than one-third of the data in the i!"iS are directly pertinent to our objectives. These consider~tions lead me to several questions: (1) ~ow difficult would it bet~ extract only the relevant data from the FtlS and have these cards duplicated and shipped? 1''. r. R. A. ncador - 2- July 19, 1973 ( 2 ) Is it not f easi lJle to design an editing procram for the !iYiS (to oe run in '\-.':. shington) that would be co. paole of rejecting cards ...- ith obvious keypunch or record.:.ng errors or with values outside the range of plausibility? (3) If (2) were done, based upon your experience with data fran LLDP, what sort of error margin could be expected and what margin of error would you consider tolerable? I (4) Failing (2), what are the prospects for extracting, editing by hand, .9.Ild using a reliable sub-sample from the .FMS? l '\ (5) Have none of the data fran the 1969/70 or 1970/71 Ft'.S been I edited or partially analyzed? (6) Finally, is it possible to mesh data from the Sociological Survey with those from the FMS for any year? I should greatly appreciate any help you might be able to give me with these queries. As Mrs. Lele has advised you, we should like to use your time in Washington principally to assist in editing data, preliminary processing and in setting up the design for the analysis. It is essential, therefore, that we h:1ve all the data at the Bank before you arrive, if this is at all possible. I shall join you at the lhnk on September 10 and would personally welcome your assistance in planning a small-~cale field survey to obtain ce~tain primary data on the credit program. After all data have bean organized for analysis and the research assistant briefed on the work to be done, I plan to leave for Lilongwe about the first of October. P.rs. Lele is shortly· departing the Bank for home leave and has asked me to request that you direct correspondence related to arrangements for the LLDP follow-up study to me at the address on this letterhead. I shall be at this address through the third week in August. I shall look forward to hearing from you. cc i ti.rs. Lele, IBRD P.r. Andrew M. Mercer, Lilong,.,e ~~. P. J. Scott, Ulongve Juq 19, 1973 • Banier h c/o Quresna Pr119a Andre l>ol.9aa n. 2l. Tijuca, ZC-21 Rio da Janeiro, GB Jhou1l. 'l.bmka tor yr,a l.etter ~ Jul7 l l . In order to tr., to maver JOU • C!OIIJ>l.et.el.7 u poa1.ble, I vill to ua a rather telegraphic language. the ft1"iou points malte rq or: 1nta are the tolladnga l) .All peraonnel t JOU amt me have beeMbbamtelled pmperq and yw. v1ll be •.300 recei~ by mail, a noudna) check tor . 2) di't'iaion ot JOQr pe;,yment. in tao il:urtallmcts vaa Do\ fQN•een at the time we diecuaed the subJ ct. here 1D W.ab:ingtcm.. The reuma behind that deo181on are related to badgetar.y norme and abould not 1nter.rera w:1.t.h J"CQr fieJdlloric eeda. I cc the aecond. inataJJment, at an:r t.1.ae, beurec now and December, plVV'ided JVl1 can aend a draft of the case studies. I hope JOU au arrange topq intev'lwen upon completim at the work ao that no t:Snauc, al pp aUl occur. 3) You are tilreai:'7 elig:ibl t o r ~ ot ,our travel expensea ineu.rred 1n the Km.can atop-onr. The letter of appoint.amt, on thia aspect., abould interpreted. u aq1Dg that the Bmk will. ndmbw• JOU1" traftl. apenaea SL!! tile mount of a round trip Mexico/Rio, i.e. $4SO,oo. Certainq, U ~ 1a cml7 tor the dit.terenoe oettr NY/Rio and n/Mez1co/R1o, i.e. $200,00, no problall will ariae. Please camplete the attadled "statement ot mpca a" u aoon possibl.e, and send it to • te that bea:1 dee the t.rip 10U are al.l.olred to a mtl,,ll~ua of per 41V" .tor mblliatence dDr1ng )'OUr e~ in Mexico Cit,'. The -tahJJatloJ'l8 !'ram the aampl.e 8Ur'l'e7• Actu.allT,, • " ~- ~ _. ~ 1a a lot more thin ve h&Te hoped tor._ 1 . ..,._,-=--4 ·~l - " _l·~. ·~-~»~• -~ '.'l -· ~- . . . ., ..... ---, ""' '.'I'"' f" ,I "f J~ ~iJF • ~ ........~ ~-.;£if. •t,_..... .. .J.,; • ~-,~·, I - I ",111 L ,- •j - •1.""'f rti# - - .--- J ' a. giTen the draatic clumge fl'OJll t...ia to z,1unto, I find appropriate that ,ou ccacentrate on the c1ces. It 1a verr good, cm the other hand, the care with wh:l.ch ,ou are exain1D& the intormal sector of the job market. Pleue matntct JOU interri.enra to write cmn a• much as posaible that (quutiana 39 to 42 md 81 to 85)J c. I also f'ind ve17 good the vq ,ou ha.Te set apart queat.1ona 9 and 118. In order to enrich the analy's:i.a ot these queaticm, it aigbt b a good id.ea to obtain a detailed dueription, t the "autborltiea" as .tram "the people", on just haw ch intomation about the eon,tupto and abou.t the optima avail.able to th , bas be .,...tematicalq g1ven to relocation "candidates". Bow bas that 1.ntormat.ion been delivered? I believe :mtoa ere nov 11c11u•bat known, and people m:lgµt want to make a diatinct1on tween ditterent tJp4ta .ilnd. locatima ~ con.1untoa when glTing their howd.ng erec••· Please be •are of that. 6) m 1011 ~ Bank can have a cop-rot the crou-tus you plan to do• I would like to aak whether t.hve ia a chance ot me-et.in& with ya11 before the tinal proeeNing tOl"Jll&'t 1a decided. It an input in tbia phaae is agreeable to JOU, we mq plantto et- e1.tber in Cambrl.dge or in Wubingtcn aoon atter Jl)ur reuirn baa Brasil.. Pleaae let hoe 70ur reacticma an that. By late Sep1;ember/earq October, John Turner, Teman Sudra and I, will be ting here in waahingtcn, to decide the p:rocea.111.ng ~ the Mexican data. It would be excellent if' JOU ooul.d join us the. 7) Pleue excuse Mr. B. Rl18h - - ) Ju:q 19, 1973 Hoping to ha'e 411DBV8r8d most ot JWr queattom, I Id.ah all the Wst ot luck to ,OU. Pleaae 1et me know about ~ elae :,ou might med. Anna Maria Sant' Anna Urban and Bagional lccmoaica DlTi-1.cm De\t8l.opmmt ~m:1.cs ~ AMS:ap g_C<,. ~\ • ,'.t. 1. r:.ucz~nst-1, . Pol. rlnn. . & 'roa. R•vie ;.1 pt. uly l?. 1973 1. ot thar fo-r di.~tri ution of th on tcs a,,d 1. rvico .• dul . of T k.1;/ tu. the JHl et· on 'Pos by DP!;. h ve: !:>Leu ,. ak obvtous e,' ~"' Ni to . re !dent no·1 2. Su, nry outlin.~. indicat!n · the sriues to be t1:'t!9t ti tir. ~1.ttach ( for ot i th.e u-rbar, tran port nn~ th& s1. t .nd servic. s t" r. At .ach ciH:s. ec : .-iessrs. L. un., van rl r '!. i.} ~ing. C S JP' Office J n,:crnr, Tr.tusi'nrtatJ on De.rt. Gul 1ati, v. :::con. ncpt. ea-rii!, PR£. SITES A1'1) SERVICES PAPER - SUMMARY PROVISIONAL OUTLIN~/ Background. Reasons for Bank involvement; rapidly-·expanding urban infrastructure needs (includini housing, socia~prciduction); shortage of r~soutces · and . employment considerations; bottom 40%. Issues . Varying scope of site and.services concept. Strong emphasis of self.:..help (implications for savings , output, foreign exchange "leakag e ") and emplnyment. Other elements besides urbanized plots for dwellings varying with local conditi ons. Squatter settlement upgrading as alternative or complement . Security of ~enure; pros and cons of different approaehei. Financial vLi.bility and considerations of equity and social policy. Ee, •nomic ·pricing as b isis for consumer choice and repetitive large-scale programf. Charging in :elation to occupants' income, present and future. Rela tio· :s to taxation and subsidies elsewhere. Target incom ~ g roups; impact on other groLps. Choice of sites; valuation of land. Costs and infrastructure standards in relc tion to incomes and wage/pric,! levels. Tra~e-offs between densities and standards. Regulation of self-help building . Choice of oc:upants, individuals and grours; difficulties related to pr ,ject size_ and imp a ct on overall shortage. Organizati on ; limits of public authority efficiency, decentralization, alternatives. Role of participants and private developers. Problems of ~orruption, collection and eviction, sale, subletting. Degree of integration into overall housing policy and urban spatial planning. Traning and .technical assistance. Etc., etc. Problems of Methodology. Evaluation of costs and benefits of different physical project elements. Evaluation of employment and income distribution impact; investment and savings multiplier effects. Possibility of testing by incremental scaling down to reach resource constraints. A Bank Approach. Need for flexibility in approach and adaptability in implementation. Some fundamental considerations; necessary elements for project inclusion. Less essential elements. Relation to urb an investment priorities. Relation to national policies and sufficient impact. Inclusion of land costs in project. Joint or parallel financing; other agencies' technical assistance. /_-For expanded version: Past Bank projects (major or minor element). Future P rog ram_:../ Jj It is i n t e nded t-o pre pa re this pap er initiall~' as a "Central Projects Memora ndum" to provide general guidelines for the preparation of si t e and services proj ect_ s and/ or their appraisal. A modified and expanded vers ion would.subsequently be yir culated to the Board as a po licy paper at the same time as the poh.cy pap e_ r on housing (DPS) . R.B.Dunkerley:7 / 19/73 URBAN TRANSPORT SECTOR PAPER - SUMHARY PROVI SI ONAL OUTLINE Present Situation in LDC's. Characteristics of urban r oad stock , traffic composition, conges t i on, and levels of urban transport investment; relation to town si ze , urban income levels, nationa l and regional . transport systems etc. Prospects for Urr an Tr_ansport Demand. Growth of LDC urban populations, income etc., implications for number, type and length of trips. Relati< •n to changes in urban and int~r-urban spa tial pa tt~rns. Supply Character, stics. Relation of costs and conveni enc e to growth of common road users (private cars, bus~s, jitneys and commercial vehicl•.!s). Characteristics of separate tra ck soluti ons. · Basic Problems. Speed of growth of sector; hi 5h costs and r es ource limi- tations; inevitability of congestion; rela t e d definition of multirle objectives; criteria of efficiency and soci a l parameters; the rationRle for subsidies to public transport and dangers; need for co!!lpror.ii.se between obj e ct i v e s. Urban Transport .,trategy. Reducing demand for roads and vehicl es; priorities; price :1echanisms; other restr a ints; improved public transport; transport-economical spatial patterns. Improving infrastructure; better use of existing capacity; new capacity . Problems of Methodology. Limitations of existing methodology and computa- tional techniques. Possibilities of simplified, more flexible methodology for LDC's. Bank Approach. Past; actual projects; related projects . Future; progressive improvement, sub-optimal but flexible; integration with other urban aspects and also regional and national transport; public transport projects, conditions for Bank consideration; urban roads, conditions for Bank consideration. Project and Studies Program. Research. H.B. Dunkerley July 18, 1973 ... ?, {(_0100'• Form No. 27 (3-70) 11" TERNA TIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL BANJI' FOR INTERNAT IONAL FINANCE ASSOCIATION RECO NSTRUCTION A r,. D DEVE LOPMEN T CORPORATION OUTGOING WIRE TO: POPOVIC DATE: JULY 18, 1973 ASSISTANT FEDER.AL SECRET.ARY FOR FINANCE ~ FEDERAL EXECUTIVE COUNCIL CLASS OF BELGRADE SERVICE: TELEX 11448 YU SIV COUNTRY: YUGOSLAVIA TEXT: / Cable No.: REFERENCE OUR LETTER. MA.Y 31 AND YOUR CABLE JUNE 25 ON RESEARCH STUDY OF S}1ALLHOLDER DEVELOPMENT STOP WOUIJ) APFRECL~TE CONFJRMATION THAT BANK CAN PROCEED WITH STUDY AS OUTLINED ABOVE LETTER. SINCE ROGERS PLANNING ST.ART PREPARATORY t;()RK IN BKWRADE JULY 30 STOP REGARDS II KOPP INTBAFRAD NOT TO BE TRANSMITTED AUTHORIZED BY: CLEARANCES AND COPY DISTRIBUTION: NAME Hans-Eberhard K~pp CC: Mr o Rogers DEPT. EK6pp/sm REFERENCE: ORIGINAL (File Copy) (IMPORTANT: See Secretaries Guide for preparing form) 1: •.:, l 1-'. r ' .,· t '.... . -,·: \ t '. ·.t..•. - • ! ... . ~ .c. 0 ...... 1-. c.· ~O\ ou.: ')\ (j .,.. . ' ,., .- ... .., .. , , . L fl';~ -;.~l ... .. ... _1- 'r .... --..,. ~. ;;- . .l.. ... ' ,, I ~ T 1. f ~ I' ... .... r. , • .,. '-"'"._ II .•,. ~ . • ' .... - -./a ,. . .,.., l-1' ,. ,. -. ~ ' 1"'i•'" , ·~ I a . .. t; . 'r-~ . p .•~'" ~.,.,., ~-· - -- . ' \ t • • •L ii.. J .,, • "I - • ·- .... .. ._ ... ~ ·. J ., .L· Mr. Timothy King, Developnent Economics .... July 18 , 1973 (' .-...- J .. I ( .. CI . -J. ~I I . ~ . -' .,.I ,' 1. ',4"'; ... ( ... Io.."' '"IT '•,..l f' r· .., . . •• . •I I ' ~ . . - . .....- ~ 1\- L '>- \.' ,·.,.-r . - L ' ,. I .. I -~ . . .ti l .,. - ', . . I~ .,. f . . .:. :i1- •• ) .., _. -. . . ·11 - . .... r ,. ,I .:1 . .... ., ..... • ... ... ,... - .' ~~~ .:i:_.~ ,·.. ~·· ~ I ... .. . . ... ~.,~ - . .. . • ... _.'. I ,.. r "I . • i- ;'r( •. ~ • . . . -··. •.. . I :l, I!:. . 'I I I o- I ' . I' ,. GP.fetfe • '"t .. 1 ':,,T ... ..; I_. .• ._ ..._ /9. .J ... .._... • , , 4 . • • t ·• ..i, 14 ,- ---rt_:- ~ J :~ ·w 'l ~ .. .,. . . I •. . .. ~ ' . .. - ..., I •J 1- ,. . ... I . ... ' .r . J ... .•.. . .,. . ~ J. . .... . . r . • (" . l I ! ... ·, . 1 . doubt- there will be ~ tween on the sabj ct mat.ter 1n the Paper, and llhat steps .tollOII' attenama vill depem upon tlie content of the Paper and tbe subaequent cor.rupoudence. tis still 1nten1ed,, btllner, 1a to adbeft to tJle Terna of erm retet"Nd to in, and at-tached. to, Jli1' letter to you of Mar® 29, 197) tor writing t.be " te q..i.,..-<......,1,--- of the Art,tt ~ · The IISlbera ot the tea, nr . • Prior; Brown and Boley: whom yo auggeat tor. tb1B work are acceptable. The enViaapd t:hletabl. 1 to bold discuaaions with the in Waab:J~m !or a pel'1od ot about three days cOIDCICing SeptelQber 24, 1973. 1'he purpoae ol th... dis 81.o wmld 1'.t", be to .!U"ll the rest. o£ the timetable and the 1'118 of a..terence ror ~...,.....,.,.__,._. - wr:t.Ung the 11 :te oZ the ~ n paper. The vi it o.! the ta.- t o ~ 1 _ would be tollar4ld by a Vildt, to one or moi-e Bank bor.rowara (probab~ in - ll!!""";;illlll,.._ Centnl America) am, poaa1.blJ', to one or two Amer.1.can ut.111\iea, t.o o"btain i,..w•....,. more ina:tght in to what, 1a ~ and vha" !Jaa been the ~-1ce o£ Aaer1C4ill utiliUa, reapeetJ.:,aq. In acCOl'dance with the requqt. 1n your letter ot June 27, 1973, - I attach a cow o.t an izrt.e21onal doCUIIIIDt entitled •Pub,l :tc Ut,1.llt.y Dote • 4 - standards of Urban ElectncitT D1.stril>Ution" vbich, toge1.he:r with ....-.- -=--'"'-- it& COVW1ng . . , , abcara t.be Bank's latest t.h:1:n1dng opwa.t..ionaU7 on th18 aubJect.. I al.so &t.tach a et:>py ~ 'the Bank'•~ Handbook vhi.ch indi- cate• bow ~jack are pre88nt.]T appraised. th nspem; to 11hat is aant by ~itui,ional. " topi.ca in S(a) or the draft 1»1'1111 ot aaterence, tbeSe are tt.er «1pla1ned a the Jppraisal llandbook. 1bey 1nelud8 au.ch ¢0D.Si.darations u priw:t.e r,r ptblic atatua of the Electrieit.7 Util1t,", 1ta relationahipe Vit.h ftplatory bodies and g ~ t depart.menta, its organ:Jzati.oD&l t'<>l.'IA (cooperative, local ttW.t7; .naUonal. t.111t,J') am other adld.niatrat:iw JRa.t.ten. - El:amplu of t,pieal per unit con .f'm:icUcms are constiuction con per lcW ~ atter-d1:vers1v .,.,. . deaD'l, comrt.ruct1on am anrroa] operatiDg cost per cust.ca.er, cannection coatr per cutomer,, relatiaD8hips between per unit coaw am muibera or ~ a , total w loading, et,c. I look torward to exchanging .t urtl:ie.r ideas with 'J'Ollr team aXld to recei"f'ing the Bffi• Paper in the near Mure. Mr. Yves Rovani July 18, l'TI 3 J. J. Warford Costa Rica Rur 1 Telecommunications Research Study The objective of this study will be to develop a methodology to evaluate the merits of investments in telecommunications facilities in rural areas. The Costa Rican eleotricity and telephone authoriti s ([CE) are apparent1-y anxious for asaist.ance in this area, since they are now about u, un:lertake a large rural telecommunications investment program. Analysis clearly involves two aspects: a study of coats ani of benefites. Mr. Sohkolniok will deal primarily with the cost eide, aided by ICE, ar.rl making information available, as necessary, to members of the Institute of Economic Studies of the University of Costa Rica, who are expected to work on the analysis of project benefits. This part of the study is to be financed out or Research Committee funis ( 22,000 available for FY '74), in addition to which ICE have promised to provide certain assistance in the form of technical advice a.ni local transport. We should aim at completion of the study in about one year. The next step will be a visit to Costa Rica in early August by Messre. Schkolniok ani Littlech11.d (consultant) and myself. Based upon prior discussion between Mr. Schkolnick a.Di the University, we have already requested that the latter submit a research proposal to us. So far, an:i about two months after the agreed submission date, non has been received. In view- of the .fact that we w-111 be unable to maintain close supervision of the research project (as we do in the case or the El Salvador Village Electrification study), the success of th project will deperrl heavily upon the university faculty members involved. Consequently, we w-111 not approve the project unless ar:d until they demonstrate their competence and interest by submitting - of their own accord, but in the light of our advice - a satisfactory proposal. Discussions during the proposed mission w-111 therefore be aimed at giving them a broad idea of the kim of problems which face us 1n evaluating the benefits of telecommunications investments, summarising for them our thinking on the subject, ar:d then leaving it to th to produce a detailed proposal. In the light of our aesesmnent of their general capabilit.ies, we will then decide whether or not to pursue the research effort with them. . ... r • I • .I • I •• Ju:cy, 17, 1973 fl •• - ,· - • • .. r ~ . .... I . ,."- . .... ... I • . .--. I i~---:. • ... • . ~ I • •... I Ii 'Ill • • • ,. . . ,J -~· ' r . L ... • r. Ill - 2 • • I ....... -~ I ... " . I I I ."' .I ' -·· . TKing/h I cc, . 1- - I - • .,~ r ,· ,I •• J.,. ~ q,~ ~ \.Er~ '•~ ';t_..: .• :-£ . : •-~. ~. l:J:re' ~/-.- • -.:..:,j ~ -....;. .;, ,, ~ t_ ._ ~~ .. ~-., _/c;;;, r. ~ ~ i_,; 4 (" I ··i • '. l_;T,, ~I. • °' - \ ~ ":!..t..,\ ,.;,r. • • I I •-! ... ~ i -... •.· .;,.. • • _., ,.• .,. ~ - ... '. •' tt • 'Ir 11• _,. l'l,, .ijJ _, ·~•· ~ ... I C.t ~ · ~ • .!Ir···- ~ ....:. ·- .... ¥ -.u·,~ ;-~,~~ "1i- r nj 4 1 41\,;L~. • . .,_ ~ , ~' _.,...... ,,,_~ ~ • ,• 16 ..._. ..r,·:~·: ~~-~t.,f"g \II 4 , C ~~ !:1 ' r ' - ,, • •-}!~\...., '. • · ._. .-.,-~~ 'II ,:,,_ ' ' 0 ~ . , ~, ,. ... ·~ \ ~ri , .n'r .. .... - I' -;" - ·/ ._! I • ' ~.., \ "' --=r ...,. :t, • • t• • ir". II•• + J1a ' ('I ..... a , ~ f } •1 • J'6. ~ , J .. l..... - ·'"JI! 1 1 ~ • • L • 1 r .., .~ • • •• ~ - • • 1 . . .I a..:, f I :.a ~ , \ •, T':. -: ~-.,.• •• r '-.. ,• ~ .,.. • • -. . . • "t ,1'. ~ :at r '~ 7"l ' • -.,J,r • \ ,, I ",•;,.-I ·-f'"~ ll':-.,11~ .__II ~ i; ~ ~ 1 r',. : .,, :- • ;. _-.,_..,... ,• ~· ,;_ •• Julv 17, 1973 ...I r '- ' - -r!",: ,r---- - I i - ·- r- ~ ·.!,. ~' 'a , '"I L I .- , •• 4._ .. 1•~t1,-~J • I I .,. ,.:.,,: •• • .' -•"' _ ,¥ ., - • ,:' i-,- .t. • I', •. ' J i- • •1.. ,. ..._:1°w,.ar,:t,1 r ~ .,.a I"'"• • ~. ~.. I ~ " ~l . • r;r. . r;..• -:-r- 1 .d :r .·. 'h_ ~.j I ...... .,/... • ,' '• ,r ..- I 1. " • _, L I• Mr. H. G. Quik .,,. 1 . , · I ', --· L • ~. .. ,. ~ ~ .r J, -.... - > ..J:l :~ I ·., ., .J .... ~~ '"1:i+ ;-- . General Director · ' ·-_.. ., \ , -:.._ ~ _ it~ f t '( --~ Netherlands University Foundation for International ;,, • · 1 •• -:t' - •.; I.. r ,. • .. ~ • Cooperation ,-. , 1 ~ J , -1 .,. , • • • ' ,.... Molenstrut 27 • --;• ~ ~ '~ , 1 .• ... •.. 'f..... { • .., ' .ar,. ..: The Hague, The Netherlands • ~lt -.._., , ~ .J..-: ~ 1 r ;: ' r. '-., • ') ~ 1 1 I "'~' Dear Sir , • •1 I ' ~ • """ ., .. 1 l Ill. .... .... I am writing to you in support ot the proposal ot Protesaor ... . )-J .. R. Ro Bergh of Projet Senegal ROL-12 for the creatim of a "Centre de Recherche pour la Planit'icatic:n Urbaine" within the Institut Fondamental ~ .I( • ~ d'.Ai'rique Noire. I am an economist in the Urban and Regional Economics # ,. . t lo/ ~ nlvision o! the Development Economics Department, working in collaboration with Douglas H. Keare, and responai ble for the monitoring and evaluation of the Bankts urban projectao • J. •; I .!.r .... • I .. r During the course ot preparation and ini ti.al execution of . -( I 4-, .1 -1 the Bankta first urban project, the Senegal Site and Services Project, ~ ..:' ~ I I- -,,. I .. l• ,, Bank staff members have been assisted by members of Projet Senegal RUL,,.12 1n many instances. We have been consistent~ impruaed by the organisation and execution of Proj et Senegal RUL 12. Its collaborative J-,_ ,- ·~ approach with Senegalese authorities and orientati.on toward applied J , _. I - ff"'' ... C1 "' research are to be highly recommended to other research efforts in developing countries. • ' II •.__ • The procedure and content of Projet RIJI,...12 has alao interested • )_ the Bank in relation to our intention to undertake an intensive study of the Senegal Site and Services Project. Thia effort would examine a 'r• · " ~.. I - . ,. - .. J. ... broad range of social and economic upects of the project, u well u its wider effect.a on the econoDIT of the Cap Vert region. The initial r . ...... · ' · phue of the study is to begin in the spring of 1974 and to continue for ~ two years. We vould hope that later follow-up ettorta would also be l ·: • J .... .,. i" . ....,... undertaken, wdng the data base established during the ti.rat phase. - We believe th.at the value and efficiency o! this effort would ~ t!": ~ .... be great1y improved i t it were affiliated with a permalJ.8nt 1.nsti tution . . ..... .. .,_ I in Dakar. To this end, I visited Dakar in oat.ober 1972 to survey existing research inatitut:1.cm to determine which, i t any, mi@tlt facilitate an intensive applied research et.fort by a Bank-sponsored research team. ~ , .. •. ,.. - Jr ,· ' JI, , rl ' • ~ ... • r ' ,,, • , , ' '. •1 ... .1 I . J. •• ' ..- ,f I r • L~ ! i:: • -i\ , • I . r .i I •. • • • l l JI .JI,. !.- ......... L ' t \ I r .L, !~'• .1..' A "'> ,it,. •' ~ •1(11: I I _1 I ~ • •• •.a 1.· ", I "" ' '- .. •' ,. \' l..t ~ , 1 • • • ~ I" 1. • t•, .... • ;f' '•....: 14 '• "I • J. ,..•, ~l:'•, . ·-· L I •_'- \ • \ ; ,ll .T •,., l I_. ·_,.-J I_ ~· ._ ~I ~ • - .... • '-. . ... • ' I I "L . ... .. ., " ' .- L I. I - l . .. .. •, I f .. ~ ~ . • l ..k, I. ' I • . _·. . •. . • '· -.... ... _.,; I ! -.,• • .,._ ,. ~ I ~• • 1'+. • .. ~ • .._ -.. r f •\ .I r -:1"'- • ...... ·· , •.,. • . \ :i w-. _..,, ' • • ! . ,f' IL • ,. /JI. ~ --- .- r ,. .... . . J : . .. ~ ~ ~;: rl ....._ ~ ..I{ further institutionalisation of Pro jet RUI,...12 in Senegal. I believe ~r1 • • t' that an applied re . •_earch institution . would be a major contribution to ~- l .·. · ,--. the educational and poliey...maldng process of Senegal. 1., ;-,at ..-. • ... . I r r ... ~ • If you perceive any need for .further indication or discussion . :.. - r ~ ... . L' • r~ , of the Bank's intentions 1n this situation, I would be pleased to . ;i. .,!A'. respond at any time. -,~~·:~c:'f: ' . .. 1 r . ... .. ... : :,.»:·, .. . S.!ncerel¥' ... --~:. • ~ ¥ ~~~ e .·.~:~, ( ~ ·' • - 1 ... - '..!_ a "I , - ] I ii lol O' ,• /rJ9fir ._..1 • i .j. ,. ' - ~ }. · I..... • .. .:... t.,.. :._ ~- .... . ~ - ~.... .. ., • ' :.. Michael A. Cohen / ///7C._ . ..I. • ~~ ~ . " • II."•... -. r sf~~ ·-- "f 'I:• .,.. 1 • a 1 1 • ;,, -i~~t .: " Urban and Regional Eoonomics Division '\c i_:· la'..\ ,. < • 'I • fl - .... _i, •• • .: 1- l 1 .... Develonm,m t Economics Depart.men t ,r-• ._. I !..· l•rr I .,.. .J/".i .... . ' ,. -. I L .. II ,I' J J. •• • • ~ .. , ' ~ • -V:, I al.I• ... ·.~• T .,.,.,, l I ,_ .. ... ,. '7"""lllf'" • "' - - 4' • • -.. [ '"( l I .__ -1 • • & • . ·· "J. .;•LI • ,.. • r } .. • j ;-, II. •J,' (' - - J ..= r l • Jlloii ~ •I -• ~ - n·~ : • ,• 1¥ .. r I >II I r~ ' - • :'( ._ • I Cc.· : ·, - .t. r ~ .. )!-· .. i' K:ear'e , Carrere., Denning, Clfignet _.,,. l -., ~I~ ~ •• ~1;... ·. ·~.,,;. .. • ,, ~.i.. • ' ..... ,.... r ".I..'' • .- ''A ,1.. .. ·7 • • --, " ~ - I .. , • r ~ - : '. . • l I ' I& .. ~ . • I .. ,11-.ffr 'lA. I- 'l.', ; ~ - fl . ( , I. • r J.I r~ :,- f "I I • C' -:t • 1, .,. • Tl . •. -.. \_ 'lJ ... ... p ~ ,,.- 1 -;;- I . -~ ..I • f ' ~ . ' • J. ·' G,. .. " , .,.., ' • : 4 . .... 41 l I • . . Dr. Pablo Latapi .. Centro de Estudios CUliacan 108, Piso Mexico D.F. Mexico Dear Dr. Latapi: I am writing to you in connection with the research project on the financing of education in Latin America carried out by the Education Department (Central Projects Staff) of the World Banlt. As I told you during our casual and sometimes unplanned meetings in Mexico, Lima or elsewhere, this research program consists mainly of a set of country case-studies, each of them concerned with one particular topic in the field of education finance. One of these topics has to do with privately-financed education. It includes such questions as: To what extent can private education be considered as an alternative to public education in a context of shortage of public funds? What is the performance of the private education sector in terms ot costs and efficiency? Do private school.a have any special impact on students' attitudes a.nd occupational aspirations? etc. This listing of questions is clearly not exhaustive; it is here mainly tor illustrative purposes. I believe that Mexico would be a suitable country to carry out a study on private education provided ~hat it is possible to re- duce the soope of the study to manageable dimensions by selecting one particular level of education, tor instance, secondary education - in one particular area., tor instance, in big cities. This is not only a question of technical feasibility but also of budget. Because it is hard to carry out such a study while being based in Washington without a local counterpart, I want to enquire about the possibility of involving either you or the Centro in a otudy which, after all, deals with topics closely linked with the objectives of the Centro. I am, of course, well aware of the studies Dr. Pablo Latapi - 2 - carried out in the past on these topics by the Centro and, particularl.y, ot the works by Ulloa and Munoz on the "escuelas particul&res" of the Federal District of Mexico. To sum up, I would like to know whether the ide& of a Joint Bank/Centro de Estudios Educativos project in the area of private education appeals to you. In case of agreement, the Education Department of the Bank would be willing to finance a certain a.mount of loca.l consultants' work at the Centro. I look :forward to your reactions to these proposals a.nd hope that some form of close cooperation thus be established between us. With best regards. ~--.~ ~ . :, ~A.'...... - ~ . t _... . . .,_ • .. ·- I -L. r;~ 4/t... , • . ,... ...... • -. ... . .t~ . .... • ..... • , -- I' "- ·11,·~ - . <.... ~ -, . . ·....;.•·I . l. In accordance with the generaldiacnsaiona concerning your ·~ ' participation in the aonitor'ing and evaluation of the Senegal Site and ~:4-- I' ,. Services Project and your letter ot appointment of June 4, 1973, the -. r : __ ~.·.<·.-.·-~·._.· =- fol.loving terms ot reterence tormal.q defin your reaponllibilitiea. ~. ~ T . .t 2. Your title will be lll.rector ot the Monitoring and Evaluation of .. _ .-· the Senegal Site and cea Project. As director, ;you will be responsible f'or the cwmpletion of a two year a'bld7 ot the Senegal Site and Services .£:. • J Project, with particular emphasis an the Dakar porticm of the project. - ,_ - 3.Thia study 1a jointq sponeored by the Urban and Regional Economics · .._ Division of the Dffelopnent EcCl'lOmics Department aid the Urban Projecta Department. For administrative purpoaea, u apeoified in your letter of ... ..., .-< ppointment, 10\1 will report to the Urbm and Regional Eocmomica Division. · 2. · · ~ : The tud;y will begin in Senegal after .April 1, 1974, or at a later date .- ..... t depending en the progreas of the proj ot. . . . . ., .._1. :· "'\ I ~ .... "-~~:• -,--:--' ;.....,_:i _.. 11 1 • ,':""~ _'T 4. Objectives of the St}Ult .- · .-,.. -=.r - - · ·- .,_ - Ji\. - .- .- . .,t ·~·•.....;_ -1"1~- · •.,..- ~- ... . ' - ,· JI{ ..... •I [ mo I• ... .-- 4 - . . ,: a) To provide data and analysis conceming th developnent of the _ .- . .......... :...... project during the first bro years after :1n1ti.al occupancy ot plot.a in the ~ first phase in order to improve execntion and supervision of the project • I r • - .. -k- •• b) lo evaluate the su.ccesa of the project in tenns ot implicit and ·- . , explicit obj actives stablished in the project documents • The specific • ,. design of thia evaluation will be developed prior to your departure for Senegal 1n the spring or 1974 1n agreement with the two sponsor'ing Departments ot the Bank. . - ... To provide a data bu tor later studies of this project bqond c) the two years of your on-site activities in Senegal. I '• ........ " . ... .. ' d) To evaluate the wider effect1 ot this project on the urban centers ~ · · in which it 1 located. ... e) To provide data and anal,1'sia tor the preparation o£ amual report. ... · on this project to the management ot the Bank. 1 t) To provide infonnation on desirabl improvements in the design at similar projects for future lend:m g. '• ~~ ·.1. . _--i.~ -~ . .- .l -~ .- . . - . .L- • '\ ... • - _ ..... ... . . '"_........-....._, .;-'::~ ..... 5 PerllODDel. aid Bu.dget . ..;If-' • '... • ~t~j=,... \ In tulfillment ot thee objective•, you will be uaiated. by ·• . ~· t .. "·,/·· another researcher, to be chosen in agreement with you and the Bank, and ~,r: ·~ - ~- r ·~ - J!..· .. i • r'f .--: J ", ~ I I .. • t provided with a budget you consider su.t.tiai.ent to attain the above objective,. 'l"be choice of )'OUr uaiatmt and the apeciticatiai ot the approval ot the b.ldget is to be completed no later than Januar,y l, 1974. 6. - Terms o:t Reapapaibilitz 1 ~ , " During your tenure u director of thia ettort, you will be :._ ~ reaponaibl• o~ to members of the Urban and Regicnal Economies Div.ta:1on s. , ~ .~.;? , ot the Development Economics Departmct and the Urban Project.a Department ...... _.~.. vi.th administrative and mbatantive " . apoaaibility tor your work. You will ~ conmnm.1cate all information abou.t tbia et'fort OJUT t.o the Bank atatt ·" · members mentiGOed. above, unleu othenriee authorised by' the Bank. Decilllona 1' •-,._ regarding tiel.dllork in Senegal will be agreed upon only between ,our1elt -. • · • ._ ,• and Bank staff members. • -. .... .. 'II J- I • • _T, .. J L. ,. I BeJond the above term• of responaibtlity goveming your vork tor ~+-•,-.•""I- .:..J !,. the Bank, the Bank v!ll retain a consultent group to •• 1t on general ·~~~~· . queationa of reaearch design for the monitoring and eva.1.uation of three · eite and services projects, of vhi.cb the Senegal ettort 1a a part, and to • •. ~.- ' . \ . --.. ....... ... uaist 1n the preparation of a aummar., report after tieldllOrk hu been I·_.•• • .. #I • 1,:_1, "r • • ~ • completed tor the three projects. Thi.a group, boveTer, will ~ ooJDDnmicate with the Bank, unleae otberwiae authorised b,Y the Bank. Conversel.T, as stated 1 ~ I ;.;.- fl ..f ~- above, you will not commm1 ute v1th this group, unleas othenriae authorised 1. /-- r it by the Bank. +! • > ' ... • Ir r ;:·- \; 1." ..... .. Bepgrts I ,. I f Throughout your work in Senagal, you vill be responsible tor providing annual accounts of a't.udy a:penditur a and aix-W>n~ reports on . your nbstmtiw finds. 'lheae reports ahould be coordinated with aupe1"9'181on "' _., miaaicms ot the Urban Proj ecta Department. You will be expected to subnit . ... a swnar.r report upon COlllpletion of the two year I a fieldwork • ~l , .. ~ 8. Un of Intonnation · . .. - . \ .. 'Ii • .... ........ "' I •~ - .: • r "ti. Proceduree to be ua61 governing the uae ot data and intormation I i- • , • collected cmr.lng ,our work in Senegal will be agreed upon no later than ,. t-•~ Januar., l, 1974. .~ • · Participation in the Comite de Oontrole .,. j I I~ I ...f : -. .. . ..... ,. - While carrying out fieldwork in Senegal, ,ou will participate u .. ~ "' . '- a eonaultiJli ,nnanber of the ~ te de Controle ot the Dlrection de Parcellea "· .AaNiniee O the Office de DiiaQ. tat de toms Moderea • .. ~ •. ; ! ._ ,; I .. . .- . • • • - ). .- .... ·: _., ~ =. ·~ I .. • ~ ~ ... . ... t .r ·. _, l... ' II - ~ .- . . r:,-~ ""-,.r..... I - I (" ... . ....... , .. - ~-> .. • - - ,- II,. "' : ~ i..:._•t._• .. . .. .. _. . .... I ~ 10. !. Work :tor o;ther D8P£S!111te ol the Bank In addition to work IJ)8Cilied in tbeae term.a of reference, 1£ '"! ·' ' time permits, you will be requested to undertake other work :tor the Bank ( by the Country Programa D1:r.tatcm. II, with the written agreement of the tvo sponsoring l)epa.rtmenta of the Banko . - ....... .- . .,.. -. . " "':JI. -, ~ - MACsap -- ...... • .. .- - ~ ,;,. ~ . co. and Cl.eared withs Messrs. Keare, Venkate~an ... .J_ Cc.a Meaers. Stevenaon, Oulhati, Strolllbom.1 Carrere, Huber, Danning, Sant'.Anna _,_ " ,- . ·~ ' . ... ... .!. . .I . L.. "'"I .. . -. ..., -1111- ..... I -- 1,,I ,I . -- i - • . . ---... - :1- . . .. . T ~· .,, • 1 ·• . • ... "r_. -· - .. - : ,..J~ ~ - ,;. ~ >.I I 'I .... ,. ....b- . JI' - -:; I; I ..... • l " ,. . . ·~ ' . , - l,'lr -.._ • Ill - . .' • . . ~ - - - t- ... ...., t! . --- . .- ...... , ....:: - . --. Ji:... . • • • -~ ..I. - I f .' •>' II • ~ I .... \• I .. .., I ...-·"ii. " ·- ":, . . .. t'. . -, "' ' ,i. .. II. • ,.... - .. .... . . • ... ... ...... • ...... ~ . r ... . ~-. ., ... ~ o! I :'- I ,... ·r "' ~ • . .. .e ·4' .......... .. . .~ '-i , . ..... ·.... -- .. t . ... •· II'- ... ,. ..... "T. I . . • I -. . ." ... r -f" •.., ( ~ ·~ ......., .... - . ,!a ~ r -• . .1•~....... ~ ~ f • Terms ot Reference tor Part19Mit1on in the Monitorinhand Evaluation ot site and Servi cee Proj ecti I J 1 1 127' to December 1 1973 (' , rr L• . -._11 •I I. r -, ~ '• .,. I l J I "" II • rliil ~ I l - . "'{ J •• 1. In accordance w1 th MDi.chael Co en's letter of May 1973 to John Harris, the general discuaaiona conceming your partiaipation in the monitoring and evaluation of aite and services projects, and John Turner's letter of '"If. • June 14, 197.3, the following tems ot reference fonnalq define your • ~ "" .J • • reeponsibilitiea for the period J~ 1-December 31, 1973, unless otherwise ~ ~ ~ i i • ... I -. - agreed by the Bank and NETWORK during that tiJlle. .. ., • ~ ... . 2. NETWORK is retained by the Bank to perform the .f'ollow1ng functions f during the period apecitied aboves . It' 1 ..... f 1) 2) advise on research design before fieldwork beginsJ advise in fieldNork personnel selection. {.:: ' J - . ~ . 3. Dllring the apecified period, an agreement will be reached between - .\. ,#. ~ - .r ·t ·,. ~-· !"~ .. NETWORK and the Bank concerning addtti.onal functions to be performed after January 1, 1974 (Annex 1). In order to facilitate budgetary and manpower • Il ' pl 81\Jl:1ng, scheduling ot NETWORK participation in the Bank'• monitoring and 1, • l . evaluation activities will be done on a semester basis. J· . ', 4. .,·, .,. 'nle perfomance ot functions related to monitoring and evaluation will occur within the follcnr.lng framework of reaponsibiliW1 • Decisione concerning research design, fieldwork procedures, and personnel • will be the responaib~ ot the Bank, in collaboration with the researchers ... in the field. Responsibility for other activi tiea to be performed atter ..... ,. ~· II ~. . ..• •:a January l, 1974, will be defined u part of the agreement concerning additicmal .tunctions • , . Ir .... 5. ... ,,. ' . I .I The following schedule for July l to December 131, 1973, lists the specific tasks to be completed by NETWORK during this periods l) elaboration of a dratt research design tor the Elltire effort, covering the three projects, to be aubnitted by November 15, 1973. {15 man-dqa) J 2) preparation ot an analysis of the criteria by which other projects beyond Senegal will be chosen tor study, tJa be aumitted by November 15, 1973, :, (10 man-dal's)J . · "l .. I ••• { I" ' ::' . 3) participation in the selection of fieldW'ork personnel by January l, 1974 I (one man-dal'); - ·....... ~ \ { . 4) dratting of an agreement concerning the uae of information collected during thb effort, by January 1, 1974 (one-man dq). I ~ ........ ,. . . . ....... r ._ - .... - MACran ... - • ,,. -- ' ". . ... • 1111 ' • . ,. ~ ' ' r ... ~ Juq 16, 1973 • Jo ---~· I ' ,. - ' • • • I -, ,• . ... .., . • . •• .- _ •• Ti •. I r. • tein • .. ,< . - .... J • . 8 't • I• . don •t . i"' . . - .- , II I I r • iii r. ;- ..,. ,. J •• , " f ' ..,. I 'I • I '• I .. '\ l-, '..Ii I I ·1 • .11111 . _. - • •• - ' r• I ,.,. .-- . • • • - ....... 1' L .- J . I r [1 . ,. , '1' - I • • • I I • r . . -• . ,.. • n l ,._ •... :if ,- - • I ,.~ -~ I l_. ._ L J " - • ill ... ~ ~ \ ... • . ·~ • ,. .,. - . -, I -r i ... I ~ . • r. • .... -3- - Ill "· .\. ; ~· . _ la"' "fl ~ -r • .. I, ... . ... .L I to you. ~ . .....-·.. ,... ~ I l ..... . l . I ; You.ra QC reJ.t., . ... ~ .t ... > • ... _ •"' r • /,'f- et, .. I• ~ . >... • $ ent it ~ T ...... ,. , ,~.. ' _: ... . cc : Mr . E. Stern .• J, I . .,. .. ..... - ~ Mr . R. Gulhati ... ~ I .... ,I • • ., . " . T INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT I I 1818 H Street, N .W., Waehin¢on, D . C . 20433, U.S.A : A- Cod. 202 • 1.1.,.l.on. · EX..,.;.. 3-6360 • c.J,I. Ad.In,., - !NTBAPRAD July 13, 1973 Mr. James R. Greene Senior Vice President Manufacturers· Hanover Bank 350 Park Avenue New York, New York Dear Jim: I am writing because of an associate of mine, Mr. Frank Vibert, who is preparing a study for Mr. McNamara on an export credit guar~ntee facility which has been suggested by the Governor of the Bank of Israel to the World Bank. Mr. Vibert is interested in exploring with some financial people the question of whether export credit paper from developing countries, possibly guaranteed by the \.Jorld Bank, would have market acceptabi 1 ity and under what conditions. Frank will be visiting New York on July 24 and 25. It seemed to me that it woul _ d be very interesting for him to talk to you or whoever you designate. Could you call him (477-4545) or me (477-4546) to let us know when on these two days you might receive him. Best regards, ~1 _.,,.-/ _,,..,,.s • 1ncere y yours, /'/ ~ ' \..'. ' ~ ') O"l. ·V1~ I \ L. Pedro-Pablo Kuczynski Division Chief Policy ; Planning and Program Review Department BANQUE AFRICAINE DE · DEVELOPPEME.NT AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK LE PRESIDEkt ABIO.JAN , 1] JU]y ]973 Mr•, /\;t) /Jt:H"'t , J.feNllm tu_.n l'rc s iclcnt International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 1818 H. Street WASHINGTON D. C. 20433 U.S.A. Dear Mr. McNamara, I write to acknowledge with thanks receipt of your letter of April 27, 1973 concerning the proposed Export Credit Guarantee Facility for Trade between Developing Countries. I read with great interest the enclosed proposal and the preliminary review of the broadlines of the proposed scheme conducted by your staff. My first reaction is that the proposal is sound in principle and, therefore, deserves to be studied in greater detail. Although only very few of our member countries are likely to benefitfrom such a scheme in the initial stage, we in the African Developm ent Bank believe that the proposed facility will, in the long-t erm at lea s t, b e lJeu · ficial to our members. We, in fo.ct-, h ove for ,9ome tim e b een c rJt1 1-J idr•r lnt~ m, t.lu , i'(-11 ,ct /l)JlJtj, of tlw AV r3e U/t1,11,· 1111 count1~ t' .'uglu H. Keare, Orv Grimes, ECDRB Inclusioo. of Taiwan in Urban Land Research I 1. In a meeting with Harold Meaaenger and Zia Kalim (Ea.at Asia and Paci.tic) tbia morning, I ouUined the acope and purpose of the proposed research project on urban land taxation and land uae policies, giving them a copy of the mini"Propoal dated March 26, 1973 and mctioning that we wanted to alert them u early u poaaible to our desire to include Taiwan in the research. Messenger checked with Rao" Goodman and told me there would be no problem in carrying out the kind of research we envisaged in Taiwan. All aspects of the research - cantact with local o.tticiala and institutions, possible hiring o.t coneultanta 1n the field, .tollov-up missions to discuaa findings - seamed 1n no wq to disturb current Bank policy via-a-via Taiwan. mum would o.t course keep the Regional Office continually informed and conault with it when necessary on arrangments including preparation o.t tams o.t reference. .... . '."'"):. .- . .. ' ...... ~ • t' . a"~ .~ ~ • : ·- ~- r ,,. -~~ - .:-,-.~· ,J r< ; ... .. ... . ~ . .-: j- ... .... . . .... ........ .. . •. "'.: . -·. ~)· ~ ,.... )-----·· . ~ .. ·--..:· ~ '. '° ,..~~- - ~· ...... - ,. - .__ ' - ..J .. .--,I ... ,. - . ~. -y' .._,._ .. T •• ..- ~ ... -• "' r·· - i\ • B -_ • r, - -:f.. .... : "'r I ~ • . .. -~ rl l ,- • .., I r ',: . L. - ,. -.:: IL ,:. -... . "....~ • I . L ._. - .... J •. ., . I .- ... ... ... . . _... . .... -L ,.. • - • . p • ,... ~ _ ., • .... J .... . .. ...: ., ~ . " . '.. .. .......:- . ,. . . ' \ .. . ·~ '. ' .... ,,. . .. I . , i - . ... ~· .,,. .. ., ...... .. ..: . • ·-1. ·. L• ... •• .. . l I GP . ~ - I . " ... I ., Mr. Mervyn L. Winer, ASPDR July 11, 19 73 ~ \' Ravi Gulhati, F.CDDR Ravi Gulhat.i • 1, ... I • Plans for future research · ,I . ,..:.,.. I 1. A few months ago you attended a meeting of the Development j I I Economics Department. Out of this exchange there emerged an idea which should be pursued - namely the need to have potential users of our research contribute to the planning of it. ubsequently, I Colin Bruce sent me a note making some suggestions and enc losing ' a memorandum from Bob Picciotto. We would lie very much to sus- tain thi contact with you and your staff . ', 1 2. It is not too early for us to begin to plan the outlines of our work program for FY75. In drawing up this program, we would like very much to obtain the advice of your Division Chiefs, C.Bruce II I • and your. elf. In the first place, we would like to make sure that you are fully aware of the research that we are engaged on currently . To do this, we can arrange to meet with you, if you consider it appro priate, or we can send you written accounts of the work progr ams of the five divisions in our Department. The next step would then be for you and your colleagues to list subjects on which research should be und rtaken in FY75 and to make assessment of relative priorities among these topics . (In other words for a l l of you to do what Bob • Picciotto attempted in his memo dated May 4, 1973 to Colin Bruce). We can then meet again to discuss the results of tlis exercise . 3. You may wish to invite Jean Baneth to join this planning enterprise . He is already familiar with some of our present work by virtue of his participation in the Research Conunittee . 4. Do give me a ring whe you hav had a chance to r eflec t on this matt r. cc. Mr. Stevenson (o / r) Division Chiefs Mr . Colin Bruce .. • " . RG/mo . ... . I T ... L • J. Warford Attached p1eaae find the report of the reference. IDJe original draft of M8iY 3 has been improved .f01'llall.7, ccaputationa haft been l'ffined, and, on the buia of diacuuions with ICE mgineers during IQ' last. trip to Oosta Rica, aoae corrections h&Ye been made. The raul.ta and conclumona raaain, boWYer, 'f'irt~ unchanged. Blue book, files Mr. S. Littlechild (Consultant) F. Howell COSTA RICA - Teleconmunications Research Project Terms of Reference You should plan to arrive in Washington on July 26, to spem one full day at the Bank prior to traveling to Costa Rica with Mr. Schkolnick on July 29. You will remain in Costa Rica tor approximately one week, re- turning to Washington am spen:iing a further week at the Bank to write a report on your mission. The object of the mission will be to assist in the foI'JDlllation of a research project designed to evaluate the impact of the rural telecom- municat:1.oru, program 1n Costa Rica, with a view to providing guidance for its 1'uture developnent. The research pt-oject will be carried out primarily by members of the Economics Institute of the University of Costa Rica. You will advise them on ways in which the nature of the deman:i for rural telephones may be analyzed, with emphasis on the survey of present telephone usage and the private and external benefits thereby derived, and the lessons this affords for investment planning in the sector. .Ad'Wice on the deter- mination of costs of rural telecommunicationa 1e not 1n your terms of reference. A particular question, on which the Costa Ricans will undoubtedly require guidance., concerns the importance of "system externalities." You should explain to them the nature of this concept, and try to ascertain whether econometric or other tests of the ma.gnitw.e of these effects are juet1.fied or feasible for rural telecommunications. You will agree with the Costa Ricans on a broad outline of the research strategy to be followed, am, upon your return to Washington, will write a report that details your fimings; this will be sent to Costa Rica for oonfinnation • . . ' ·. ,. . ..., •. . .• . ,~ / ~ -~ . -t - • .ii It . .. ~ .11 . ~ ' .... • ... • ~ • .. L."°t t. . ..... . .,. .....,...~. ,. . ' ' (,. I ...... . ,..... ,,, , . . . ,. ~ ~ ~ ... I" . 11, 1973 I ,,. ' ... ~ ... I'{" -; . .... . ... ..,. Tourism & - l • \; - ' • .. Department • -;. University . • I I EDINBURGH Midlothian, Scotland, U.K . f'4. .... . ,., . ., •i,. 't Attention : r • Brian s. Duffield • \ ' ... - .... Dear Sirs : I . ~ ? ··- I understand from the Travel Trade azette, M arch 23, 1973 11'1 - \ issue, that the Scottish Tourist Board has asked the University to undertake a study of the costs and benefits associated with the develop- ment of tourism. a1 The Tourism Projects Department of the World Bank is interested . .,. to have further information on this study, and lrould appreciate further ... colllllUnication on the eubjact • . . =- . ' ... 'i l. IF' •• - I' Yours sincerely, .. ,.. I I rl ., . . ' I .. . ~ ... • .,. • r- i; _ .. I 111 .. ~ .llfa& -~ .• • - ...... ' I -- ..... "• • , I a- ! .... 'I ,. ~ Sheila Twohig .• II •• Research Assistant ,I(. 1 .... -~ I • '· ..._ • ~ ~ ..•. 1 -t y • •• . ,-. . . ... '!. • • ..,\_ I'..:. ·- ,I 'I,.. I -· \..if.. . ~ , II. l .. . - : .... ,_ .. I ST/em ... . ' . • .. .- .;. ~- . ~· 1i11i • •, ~. . i. - ..,. r' • . • rol; I '.• • 9! \ .. • l I .,- I - ..... I J I ' . 'ill> .- - i ... . . ... ~ l . :... . "' . ,.. . ·- . ,..• .- ,. . ' t.. • I .• I, .... .· -,. 1flll ... ' ~- .,. - • lo, .... ~ .. . • .. ~ 1 - .... .. ,. 1 ·~- I ' •' FL Drs. J.M.G. van Damme Manager WHO International Reference Centre for Community Water Supply Parkweg 13, the Hawi,e Netherlands Dear Hans: Thank you very much for your letter of July 4, enclosing your fourth annual report. I look forward to receiving the other publications. I apologize for the delay in serrling the material I had promised you in Lausanne, am now enclose two items that may be of interest to you. The first is a bibliography produced as part of a study we commissioned on the problems of evaluating and operating village water supplies. The full report is presently being reviewed within the Bank, and may be re- leased at some future date. The second item, which is in draft form, is the smmnary chapter of a study on the impact of water/sewerage investments on property values. The object of this research was to see i f the increase in property values following such investments could possibly be used as a routine method of benefit measurement in project appraisal. I think we have to conclude that in view of the tremerrlous statistical problems encountered, this is not feasible, although a number of lessons afforded by the study may assist project evaluation in some circumstances. I will send you a copy of the full report as soon as it is completed, which should be within a couple of weeks. To return to the subject of health benefits, Dick Frankel presented his research proposal to us a couple of weeks ago, and we are at present considering the possibility of financing part of his study in North East Thailarrl. I will keep you informed of progress in this area, and would be grateful i f you could also let us know if you become aware of the com- mencement of impact studies by anyone else. With best wishes. ' .. , . , A• )'OU know • Dffelopaent RMttaroh Center ot the Bank is .,. ..... , " - '• qqed in a research pro~ect wbich dffeloplnc a dynmrd._o IIIOd.el tar u ·... tbe dietr1bution of incOJIMt in Y~alaTia. The rNMJ'ch 18 beiJJa cODiuoted. by Protesaor Irma Ad.alman and Ms. Laura D '.An&Srea Tyaon and their work on r ,1 t.be Yugo•h:da mod.el 1s nav approaching the etage ot •tlmat.ing the Tari.ow, .k .. .. econometric t'\1nct1.om. For tb1e work to p.rooNd ve v1ll need bpu.t-outp'1t ? • ~ • ~ data tor indindual republics. 'lheae .. u.tea camot be obtained trca ~- .. -, 8IJ1 of the atanda.:rci statistical pablicationa, but we udcrstand t.hat the I ,._• . r .. .' F.Seral Inat.1'\ute ot Statiat.1..011a currentq working on republican > • - .. "P input-output co.Uioiimta for YlJioslavia. One ot the reaearchera on the Yugoslavia lll>Clel, MB. Laura D1Andrea Tyson, met Mr. N. PetroYic ot the . Fedm'al Institute ot Statutioe 1n Noftlllb• 1972 and va8 told that this Fi work vaa in progress and would proaa,bly be completed some Uae durilJg -u - . .... ~ 197.3. ~ ... - 1 111 ~~-: . -· _. I aJll wr1tina to ezxiu1re U' the N gional inPllt-<>11tP11t tables ... i-.- · !' ue available am to request, your aaaistance in obtaining thee• tables .... .,...... ~ tor our research. In caee the 110rk 1a still incomplete n would be vwy - - gratet\11 !or the preliminary vcsiom of the tables. We will undertake ~ to revise our ruulte 1n accordance 11:1.th ~ changes tbat JOa1' be made .r in the final veraion. I hope it will be poaaible to obtain th• information - requuted aa soon ae possible. On preeent plan• bop• to 1f01'k on the Yugosla'da model through the naaer and the regional input--output tables .. , . are a necuauy ingredient. e.f r Needleae to aay, we v1ll. be send:Sng 1011 'th• draft Te.l'Biom of 11t 1 - .t~, ' the research project ae aoon as they are completed and w1ll look tOl"'IIUd · t"W" .i • ~ ~ to your comenta. L :ii I w"J.th best personal regard , • '.. . • : -. & ... - • ,. t ... • ~,r • •.." , 1 ~ .. ... -. ~ t 'r ._ -l"i- ... rt •.. .._ "C. .1.. •..,.. """" -r Sil'lcarely youra, "r\::.. ~.., · t ~ :.J ~- ...... ,... . . ( .,. ·. ~ I • ' • .._ ,,,_..Ji, • ... I I .,. • • , ... ,.: ~ . - . ~- I ·" •, • ... ,f -• •. er_ · • I '" . ~~ ..: .... ~ _, , ~ .. ~. • ..., I ~ ..... - · r/. • -t I Ill\. 1' Hana ...Ebchard KOpp • • .. ' ~ ~ _. .~ 1 .. • : Acting Cbiet, Didaion 10 . --.... , ~ ,J;. Europe, Middle Ea.at and North Africa Region 1 _.. • ,i .. ,,.,._ • • Gavra PopYic • · j ~ !" ,,,_.. .- AaeiBtant Federal Secretary for Finance ..., .1111•. ·....: •. I :~ , f 1 . .._ ... II • ...... .,.. • - · Federal Secretariat tor F1nance ~ \ ~ ~r"·\: ~ -~. .:J.~ ,,t .,,. Belgrade, Yugoslavia. 1 , • -~ , "r!!( ...· d' t Cleared with and cc: Mr o Ahluwalia .. i _...!4- . ~,. •..J. .. ,c' • 4 • r t .2 ....,.;~ ' 1- ~... . .. ·• ,.. ~ ~ ' r (' • -, • ~ ~. 1'" ~' f _, L1 • . . . .,- ... I 't~' ~. • ,.. # ~ 1. ~ •I J ._ ,; 11.:7' .. • I • L • ... ~~... • ~ " • ..: . -- ,} .. l -~ . j_ • .. . ... ~...:-. _... ... ... • "' ... .J . - ,:,I ... • K , Dev. Economics uly 1, l 73 f th I • L by e for t y ar ''n I'Q.l '' (a) at adeq t d, (b) t t tea il ~1 d .L l r port ar ry co·1 ciou and r ghtly e co ary w rn .. • l • gl 1. .to -· ly 1 • • ~-ou J J 1 l 73 cc . 1r. EANVP tr. • - •'',,,J 1 ~ ~ .. ....· .. -- . -~ "._ > ~ • ..... .J ' "' . • .., . • .,, ?} . ::1. a. : t t . .• ",j.~ ~ '<(,' • - r ,~ if.) . . . -Jl,, .. •• '• '"• ~ t.. r .:. _ • '.i 1· -~ • ' ..•. r ~ _ • , , . > • ·- _,..,) • , ~ ~ Ii.:.."'"' , -:.u,-.. '\.~ '~, T r· •"'11.ll ,. ,~~: 'J'I.. r_•' ~ ~·' , . '\ ~ ~ ~ ~ .......... - '~ C ·-1~...- '..J \.' ' J..,~ \' ."t. .f - • ~ -.i. J -i rl ... '"r-' :_ ~ -."• _-., ~• • ol ~ .. ""- r T - ~ • ~,.., ~~ l A, ,6 .. ;. \:'" II: I I ) ,. .... • .. t. - y ' -. • :- 1 A1i-- ~,,.' I Mt. Ianar de ia Rena~r• , . . ( . "' Lr -~ ~ • • 1 -, • • • J.. at, , t ....., .... v-., 9, 1973 -~ ......~ l. ': J. • I' · ·. )'- ,P" ,.. --·· L _,. Richard M. Weatebbe ... , -;. ·: ·• t .- -.. • . \. • a ,,. , L ... • .,. ·..,. ,1• 1.;,/ rT • , L ]: '° ., I• I Reaea:roh Repart.1 _S1tea am S.rvia.a: The E,xperience and Potent.ill. " 1\# , • W ;a. ; , ., I• •' ;. • ._. 1 t I r• , \ 1 I L •• L l. The Sites and "1ce• bNarob Report, can Nrw aa a good baok- .. ~ ~ ":• ground documnt tar Bank Operational people interested in start.in& • Sites - ,r · and Services project, although thl report 1a not Ney to read. It oontains .. i' ... · an encyclopedic quant.ity ot intonation of Sit.a and Sen1cea 11cblna1 in . , .. , -4 various parta ot thl world, including 1n particular Sen.pl and. Zambia in , • · -ill_ .Atrioa. So• of thl intortnaUan could hew i.Jlladiate rel..nanc• tor publio •.•.:- }, ... ~ ,c • .,. . • ;.. utUity projeota. For example, page 19 oite1 thl mini•l 111te require•nta •r · '1. eatabliabltd by .tour international apnoies to» pu.blic fountaina, 1nalud1ng • liters pu person per da7, number or per•on• per awndp1.pa, and •rtnnn 1 -r~ I' ....... distance t,o tha fountain. I NOllll w apmt • good. deal of UJIIII tryillg to ,,). . ~ . 't .. obtain just auch intoration tor thl Libre'fille Water S'QPP1.y. Project. . \ . ... . . ""' • ri . - 2. ., Part 1 of the report dieoueHa the nature ot Site• and Services 1cbemlMI, global u:per:ianoe with thlm 1ncl:ud1ng •dm1n1•trat1w, .fi:nancdal, wl - .. .. econcaic and physical aapeotao PQU.oy objeotiVN are di.lJCJUNed in tarma of ... • impro~ thl wltare ot law-i.DcfOlllt IJ'OUPI • d1.recting and oontroll 1ng urban ,l. -l" land use• and apaoul.ation, ud. oriant1ng bouaing apnoaa to becoming Dm"e 41 fl .. . . Nlt•11Unainingo 11w project, objecUwa are Nt forth. TbaM area limi... ..-,. ... . ' tationa of IUb•idi••, facilitating priww houaing 1nwatnante, uaing orp- " 1 :,I." naed oooupant groups, aniating thlt eoonomio dnalopm1nt of occupant.a, and t ,• t aa8U1'1ng ald.lad •na11ant and prop11r inatitutiona1 cS.wlopaant. Finally• ! ,. .... thl Nport diaoueH• tba nain oonaicarationa to taJa into aooount 1n planning tor Sites and Serrlc•• Project•. Thi annexe, d1acusa thrN oan atudi•• in ... Ill_ r I mtau. and prcnide curaory intarD11t1on on programa in, • munblr ot other ..,._a • oountries. • -· j,. '- • I "f._ I "° • r 4. t f .,.. ._ IL• - -" .3. , Thi oowring 1111morandum oonta.ina • aeries of cr1tioisma of thl j ...! • .,.. ' •1 Jr report whioh .,... di.tticul t to ewlua te b7 aJV'ont who hi a not been involved • •, ·i:: ' in the formulation and au,perv.l work. It IMU the authors, at least in the narrower ••nae• did tha na ...roh required in thl ter• of refarence (eee •·· Pff•il"•Ph l of oowring amo), but tba applioabUit,y of the "sult• ae a _ • J- ! I~ bllida tar e;eneral conoluiona DIIY 'be que1t1~d. The oritio.ia alao cites ' ~ :;,_. the lack of •ttention to aocio-economic-political 1ntluance1 1n ewluatin& ' l.: 1 ' ' the etrectiwneae of Site• and Senic•• p:rogreme. In 11\Y' T.l.ew tbia is not • fatal flaw •• thl three programs studied in dltail (Sen.gal, Zambia and Chile) probably did not pntrate thl kind ot intonation that 11 mceaury to aka auoh an analyeiao Thi authors would not have had titna to do or1g5nal work •. ot thie kind. Furthlr, there 1• a rioh, pobliahad 11t.coature by aooial aoient:let.a cowrinc tbeae • epeota of Sitea and Serrl.cu aob111111e. It you agrN, copies ot the report will be r-.qu9ated !or diat.ribution to our diviaio:na • ._. "' r '(. ~ ... - . ........ • • I I f -. 'I" I ,"a I. I J ~ ., . ff"" ' ... "l -. ~ • I I',,. ' if 1"' ·1 \r I . r . .... . ..... ,.. .l I I - . - ~ -4 . . '" .. ,I .\ [ •! . .... \ . L' 1J t ' t - .l • PYeung/351.nglujl G -~- INTERNATIONAL BAi.~ K FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT Ca.bl. .A.d,i,.., - JNTBAPR AD INTERNATI ONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION C&ble AJdn.,, - lNOC VAS 1818 H Street.N.W.. Washington , D . C . 20433. U.S.A. A... c..l. 202 • T.J.pl.- - Ex..,.,.;..3.6360 July 9, 1973 De ar Franz: I \vOuld like to thank you very much for your letter of June 20. It is ve r y good to know that you will b~ able to particip e.t e in the proposed Regional Forestry Study . Meanwhile, our plans for this study have further evolved and. the entire mission wi ll consist of three to four experts and will take place in the e arly part of 1974. I have sent copies of your letter . to Mr . ,Shamsher Singh, Chief of the Commodity and Export Projections Division of the Economic Analysis· and Projections . Department, and to Mr. Francis van Gigch , Section Chief, Agriculture Projects Division of the Western Africa Projects Department. They are jointly responsib:.e for the conduct of the study. From my :::::::,::e::-:: .?.ti'::'!':s P it:l, tri<=>:1T1 it appP-;:i.rs that your part:icipacion- will be highl y appr -. ci,,ted and that the timing proposed by you will be roughly accep t ab le. They will be in touch with you about the preparati on of t he mission. As you have seen, the Ivory Coast Forestry Report drew det ai led and, on the whole, favorable comment from the Government . W e h ave asked the Government's clearance for distri- bution of the r eport to our Board of Directors. This implies that we will transla te the report into English . W e have not yet obtained the Government's agreement to this proposal. With best regards. Yours sincerely, Cornelis J. Jansen Dr. Franz Schmithusen Senior Economist Hasenb e rgs t eige 9 Country Programs _Department 9000 Stut~ gart 1 Western Africa Re gion Federal Republi c of Germany u.. . ffrf. Uo-v.. &· j c~ sV'A1-/ 1-;..J~· cJJ~/~ it u1-U-/J ljJ ~l-,l.v ~ Profeaaor s. c. Littlechild Um.verm.ty of Aaton Manageent Centre Reaidentia1 Centre )6 fake Green Road M>nlef Bimingbaa B 13 9PD Fngl.and Dear St.ffe: Jenr:, auggesta that we visit Costa Rte-a for one week between JuJ.r 30 and A ~ J. We vculd leave Waahington on Sunday, July 29, and leave San Jose on Saturdq, August 4. It wuld be adequate i f you oou:ld be in the Bank on Friday 27 (i.·e ., )'Ou should travel to rlasbiDgton the 26th) • It would al.so be adequate it you coul.d spend about one week in W ashington after the visit to Costa Bica (i.e., until A ugust 10). · I vlll appMttiate it 1r yo,u will let me lmow if this 1a oonvmdent to ;veu. {Jerry will call you 1ater to giw J'OU ru.rtber details.) YOUJ' terDls of reference will be defined later on, but one of your t.asks v1ll be to diacua w1th the people of' the Eoonold.ca In8titute or the Un:iWl"Sity, the proposed s~ on Rural Tal.ephon:y. Hoping to aee ;you aoon, I rauin The seminar started on Wednesday, June 20, 1973. Chaired by J.P. Hqee, it mainly gathered irt.aff members from Economics and Western Africa Departments and two consultants, Professors S.R. Pearl!IOn and J. D. Stregker . The latters described the methodology in a first session on Wednesday nnrning. Attendants reacted on the afternoon ession. A Thursday session concluded about the practical i~llcations of the project. I did not attend the lasts esion. · 2. The research project was voted by the ard with McNamara'• recommendation. Its goal can be describ d as follows: some Bank's projects develop export production for one C011111K)dity (cocoa) inside a given country. Consequently, world mar et equilibrium might be modified and affect th other producers. Moreover, from the World Bank's point or vi:ev, comparative advantages should be appraised between developing production among competing producere. This comparison should include others existing and/or potential opportunities to export (coffee, wood, petroleum, etc.). The research project chooses tea and cocoa for a practical teat case to measure these comparatiw advantage. For cocoa, comparison could be limited to lour Uri.can countries a Nigeria, Ghana, Ivory Co at, arid Cameroon. Some preliminary results are supposed to be available at the end of 1973. 4. The st~ could use three criteri of comparison -- Net oial Profitability (NSP), Domeetic Resource Cost of Foreign Exchange Earned or Saved, and Social rginal Productivity of Capital. Professor S.R . Pearson acgued that these three criteria would give the same ranld.ng order and proposed to use NSP. ,. NSP can be de.fined as the net &ain (or lo a) aasoc1at4d with a ginn economic activity (cocoa) when all cotnDW:>dity outputs produced and material inputB aDd factors of production ~loyed are evaluated at their social opportunity costs (through the use of ahadities will be weighted by the shadow price of for ign exchang in each country. This ratio all.6wa to rank countries from the IIK)re to the less dependent on ooooa production. Data r quirements are obvious and aost of the discussions con- centrated on practical poas1bilities for shadow price estimates. The case of linear progra.mmi.ng models vas rejected but with a possibility of com- pari.aon in the caae or the Ivoxy Coast betwen LP model results and. L::rnlr_..-.:_j separated evaluationa. The latter method ia in proeesa for some African ~rllLJ... ool.Ultries (Nigeria). R.E. Rove stated how unreal this project looked to him. Besidel!I a total lack of information, cocoa sector escaped ll)l!lt:l.y to Bank's intenentions. k 11!1 present policy ia to improve aprage pro- duotiv11:¥ by demonstrative effect than to increase·output. Others argued against the feasibility tor practical choic ·ror cocoa projects between four countries. ... ~ t , 1 • '"I l ,n - _ . ,. T _ - - .. - RVaurs:mw cc: Messrs. Steckhan, den Tuinder, Gue, Jansen ... Mr. Ravi Gulhati Douglas H. Kea.re Research by Develoi:nent Eeonan1os Department tor the . Regional Offices Please refer to my mE!morandum <>f Jmie 5 and your response. (See attaclmlent.) I have met with Tim and Shlano, and we have to you the following course of action: 1) Respond to Colin Bru.ee1 s note oi' May 141 stating that it is a very us&ful beginning; a) suggesting that they request all divisions in the Projects b) Department. to sul:mit statements of priority research needs similar to that provided by Bob Piceiotto (Memorandum of May 4) and that Messrs. Weiner and Baneth, and perhaps others, attempt to place all suggestions in sane sort of priority relationship; and o) offering at that stllf!e to convene a meeting. 2) This meetinf! vould be attended by Messrs •• Weiner, Baneth, Bruce and at least sQl'le projects division ebiefs and senior economists .fr<111 the Asia Regional Office, as vell as yourself, Sandy and DED Division Chiefs. We would attempt to explain brlefl.y relevant aspects of ongoing and planned research efforts which might "contribute" in sane of the suggested areas. In addition, and more important, we would attempt to identify" from one to thre topics on which this Department would attempt to formulate a research effort whieh is directly responsive to the expressed concerns of the Regional Office. 3) As soon as we have an arrangement/procedure which appears to b ·:working ~th the Asia Regional Office, we should attempt to extend it to the other Regional Offices fj)fP/(J r- C'G- DHKeare: jmt attaclmlent Messrs. Shipman, Krombach, Morse, Kalbermatten, Rajagopalan, Thys J. J. Warford Research Project: Impact of Water Supply and Sewerage Projects on Property Values You may recall that this research project was initiated in order to test whether or not the impact of water ani sewerage projects on property values could be used routinely as a means of bane.fit measurement in project appraisals. The conclusion, based upon the tremendous data problems en- countered in carrying out case studies in Nairobi arrl Kuala Lumpur, must be that it cannot. Very briefly, the problem in Nairobi turned out to be that it was impossible to disentangle the effects of water and sewerage investments from other changes (in this case rezoning), while in Kuala Lumpur, there were simply not enough observations of sales in appropriate areas to place any eonfidence in the statistical results. Attached is Chapter I of the consultant's report, which swmnarizes the rationale for the study, the empirical method, an:i statistical results. In view of the conclusion as to the tactical usefulness of the approach for project appraisal, the chapters . tailing various aspects of the study are somewhat academic and will only e circulated at this time upon request. It is unf:ortunate that we have been unable to substantiate statis- tically the intuitively sensible view that environmental improvements ten:i to increase property values, :for the approach used was probably the only :feasible method of in:iireetly estimating the economic benefits of urban water an:i sewerage projects. Sinee it is unlikely that we will find any cities in the developing world with better data than we founi in Nairobi and Kuala Lwnpur, I think we can now assume quite safely that the only wa7 1n which water engineers can demonstrate to budgetary authorities the economic worth of in7estmenta in the sector is to make sure that consumers an:! potential consumers are given the opportunity to convey this message directly, through the prices charged for connections an:i actual water use. Pricing, rather than cost-benefit analysis, should therefore continue to be our main line of attack in the improvement of investment decisions in the sector. ..- - I ,. '- ~..;,.~. - :..~- ~ ,. ; ~ Form No. 27 (3-70) INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL BANK FO R INTERNATIONAL FINANCE ASSOCIATIO N RECONSTRUCTI O N AN D DEVELOPMENT CO RPORATION OUTGOIN G WI R E TO: PETER ADY DATE: JULY 6 1973 AGRARIAN OXFORD CLASS OF LT SERVICE: COUNTRY: (ENGLAND) TEXT: Cable No.: RE YOUR PROPOSAL ON COMMODITY ORIENTED PLANNING MODELS (STOP) ALTHOUGH THERE WAS CONSIDERABLE INTEREST IN APPROACH REGRET TO INFORM YOU THAT RESEARCH COMMITTEE FELT PROPOSAL COULD NOT BE ACCOMMODATED IN CURRENT PRIORITIES (STOP) LABYS I NFORMED BY TELEPHONE (STOP) CHENERY WILL WRITE SHORTLY WITH FURTHER DETAIL REGARDS ANANDARUP RAY INTBAFRAD NOT TO BE TRANSMITTED A UTHOR IZED BY: CLEARANCES AND COPY DISTRIBUTION: NAME Ernest S~ern Cleared with & cc: Mr. E. Stern cc: Messrs. Chenery, Hayes, DEPT. Off. ~ / ~pment Policy Tims, N. Carter, S. Singh SIGNATURE _ ____ _~: ...>z ----------- - -1 - --1-~~ ! SIGNATURE O F INDIVIDUAL AUTHORIZED TO APPROVE ) REFERENCE: For Use By C mmunications Section ARay/EStern/lm ORIGINAL (File Copy) (IMPORTANT: See Secret arie s Gu ide for preparing form) o7. ~ F , • J ~· f t~(fwf- Transport ourism tt~ Technicians Limited research planning development consultancy Date: 6 July 1973 Chichester House 278-282 High Holborn LONDON Your reference : WC1V 7EX Telephone. 01 -242 9111 Cables: Tourtec London WC1 In reply please quote: Telex 261854 Andrew Hayman Esq Tourism Projects Department International Bank for Reconstruction & Development 1818 H Street WASHINGTON DC 20433 USA Further to my letter of 4 July, I am now sending the following documents: Draft of Section A (not fully completed) Draft of Section C Synopsis of proposed contents of Section E As explained in my note of 4 July, we have a problem over Section E because of the paucity of replies to our Questionnaire to LDC's and other countries on this subject. Assuming you have a number of Cost/benefit studies in Washington I propose that if I can have access to these in Washington I can sit down there for a couple of days and complete this. This I suggest would in any case be the best way to do this Section as this would be a controversial, as well as lengthy, Section and it would enable me to agree with you which are the angles to have most effort allocated to them. Re Section F, I would like to leave this over for the moment because , as I say, replies have been so poor - but are still trickling in - that there is really no point in doing this Section on the available material. I occurs to me that a "gentle hint" from you to the non- reply countries (if you feel able to do this) might hurry some of them up and we could then produce this as a "supplement" to the main Study? Continued/ ••• . ... N 1103 sN0111:11Nnwwo o 2S :g Htl I I lnf' £L61 Andrew Hayman Esq -2- 6 July 1973 This then leaves Sections G and H which are mainly short "reporting'! Sections which I propose that we complete and send to you with the ten copies of the drafto We propose next week to finalise the Study and have the ten copies of the draft run off, but I wonder if it is alright for me to come across as planned on about the 17th July - or whether you will need to have the ten draft copies for a clear week before I arrive? Regards as always ~ MB Curtis Enc 1. Ravi OUlhati reported to me on FrldaT July 6 that at the . .,._ • . ,,. ( meeting of the Research Committee the previous day the Committee had reconsidered its earlier positions and decided to "earmark" an (unspecified) i ... . • amount of funds tor research projects previously deterred. cne of these projects is Urban and Regional Subsystems in Malaysia. (The Capacity - -:a••• '-"""' .- . - I - . ., - -\ ~ • ..,.. Ill - ~ .. Utilisation Study on Malaysia had already been re tued to the Committee and was acted upon favorably at this meeting). No d1.scuaaion 0£ the substance or the proposals was of course undertaken; the Committee simply • "Illa.;...._ ...... '..4i . .II,-, ., • encouraged their resubmission • • -· .. JI' .., . " 2. I checked with Anandarup Ray about whether there would be a .. -..... . meeting of the Committee before September. There probably will, in late July or during the first week of Augu.at. In the likely event there is a ··.- meeting at that time, Urban and Regional Subqstem.a in Malaysia would have high priority. A redraft of the proposal could first be cleared inf'onnally with Moeen Qureshi toward the end of July to (hope.tully) avoid ... another formal review process. With his approval it could then be sent direoUy to the Committee for action at the August meeting. ~ .. .- - -l .- ~ ... L - -~ ,...= - ... -- ... .,.... - .. L t., .a-- Li.,. "IJ., • • & . • I .. ,. . :.... ,-- l i - ,. 'II OFGrimesiap I ~ .• - · J.,. • - ~ i .. :. • r-· ..,.. ..... . . """" r - 1 •• • - I -, -T" .• I • . ~:·~· ·-j.--·-:i""'.J j -ff!' .. ~ • •, b. • ... ·~'y ~ - --~.-:._ -. !y t .__.. • co. : Mr. &lglish .:r ...-,,- .., - ·-.-.~, I " - - 1 .. I . -, .. •* I -. ...!Ir._ A ,-.. ... '% _; - ·, ' , - .•...... I .J'I -;. -°' - 1 ~ 1 ~ .. . .. ..... _,- I ,- ~-- ,...._ • ·- - .r. ....i,J ... •• , • ... 1111 - ~ - f" - . ,.. . ~-.- I t-.r ..,. • . " - .-_ . . • . - ~ ~ ... - )_l. - I • "-. ~ -f ... ·- .• I' t ...I .... ~ ,,.. -r' ....~. I I - ._. ~ ...._. J ~ .. .. ~ • Ill - #0- • .. ... '" ,: • I - ' . .. ...... ' ...-.t ..-: ... I' ... 4_. -~ . -. Ir. -. ./,- . .. r ., •< _, .- . ~ ' -;. -. •_r ·- Ill . .. - • .. ~ •• ...... :, l ~ - - ... , · ....... , - - ~ - , . ..... ~·~ . , . •• ~· -. I ,"""Ill, ,ii I~ I, ' ·. --- .... t) ... 'II" It . _-. - f"' ~ .... - ... :.: . .. -->;.j_ : ,. . .... • -. ._, """' .. I .. . -' -, ~ J.._ r ..... . --F.-r . .. ~· . -,. ---- . . ....... ) ..... ,. • ·~ .. .... I, • • - I l -. .... ' . . .. ... . - ~. t - ... • ... - ~ -~ .,. >- -':. .... ., ...., ... .- .. ... • .... f" .., ·- ·, .. ,.~·. • '• • -fl,. . . ...... ~ r. ,1 ~ ....,. > - ~ ,; -. Mr. Xeith Shaw Jdmn1strati:ve Director °'9l"Ha.8 Consu:lt,&,nt:,y Sar.vice JO MUJoaxlc Iamcm sn P 4RD E ilglam . 'Blank 70U tor your letter of June 27, 197). I agi-ee that. it i1"'1ld be ~ to allgbtq rearrange the procedm'al order o! the 'l.'erJd ot W-..nce. I would. t.bare.rore b$ pleaaed ~ reeeiw b7 ear:cy ~ 1973 a shon Rer.1• Paper bailed on a preJJ.mn- Ar1' acu ~ 'b ava:1Jable litarature and a l l ~ ot the subject,. alNG(\y pos...-1 by IIM!llbers ~ 1-m wua. I ~ that the coat per woJ.idll& drq. for each mellber of the tea v:Ul be 00, iuclPdjng ,-our o ~ 1, heads. The f'Ol"llal contract., u n t ~ , 1a *>'t llkeq to reach you unt..1J. ~ duriDg th.a --1£ CA I eqc1JW J ~ I shall be Ollt. 0£ toam. in that, f'roll ~~ What. ate.pa will be taken after 1'8Ceipt. o! t2w Bevi.• Paper and vhml these will be taktm v1ll depmd upon 1ihe C()D.t.en_t. o.t the Pape!", toe ava:tlabiHty ot la* •ta.tr Z<>r ~ a s am What. ~ • wm maka *1r tll8 tea. to v.ait. - - Bani: borrowva. and ~ uWiU... I v1ll he 1n touch with 10\1 cm t.beS& issues and the mt.an IJd quer1u llbich 7()'1 raise in 7C/fJ:t! 16~ &fter I ~ to Waab:Sngton. 1 1/ , 1 l .. - ·- --~- .~ ~ ~- - - --· . .,. 1G 5 . ES- C-C- £ 5 C t./ c. c.. /Gs. /J I ~andaru:p Rey ~ c.... ----- ~r. ~1 .Tuly 3, 1973 D.S . Ball.an.tine '1'0 Research Pamphlet As req_uested in your Memorandum of June 19, 1973 • .I am. enclosing some informati on about t he research program ot the Educat ion Department . Enclosure : a/ s .. JPJsll..ade:ma NO'IE TO: Files DATE: July 3, 1973 FROM: A. Hayman l ~ - SUBJECT: Air Transport Research 1. I called Mr . M. Curtis, Project Director, today. 2. He expects a virtually complete draft to be mailed by next weekend, July 7-8, in addition to those sections already received in rough draft . 3. I told Mr . Curtis that he should not contemplate a visit to Washington until at least one clear week after we have received the almost-complete draft . 4. Apparently, the study is progressing fairly well on the whole. However, as we might have expected, the question elf costs and benefits of alternative aviation policies is proving the most complex and difficult. AHayman/da . .,... ·• ; .• ~ g . ~ ~ r 47 . ~~ • • ... !,.. • .- ~ . 'l. 19 ... J ~ '· r J . .., ... . . > .~ •'- ,.. 't ,.. ·/ . . • ·-· ''1 :' .. ... .,. • I I • July J, 1973 \ . r • L • ,.J . ... . .-!Jr~, ."... - -~- l - ... .., Ill". Svetollk Popovic . • 't ~ .- Di.actor Inst1tut aa mcono m1ku PoljopriV1'8de I • ,.. . ~ ~--- ....... -~ . .. ' KIies. Milos& 26/ll f»Ogl°"C 1 ~ I . ._ • 13 ~ J• \ . r· r • •• .. (""I' . • t. · . . Yugosl.avia I• J. "', J t .. •~ -. .,,_ ~I' • "\- ~, 'll y): • . - . ,.. 1·. Deal" Dr. Popovic, • I • • I •.-i I • pleased to rm you that the lBRD baa .approwd the -ii Dlliget for the st,1¥1,y oJ: snaJ Jholder st.rat.egiee 1n Yugoalavia. w . woald. like to carry out tbia stut;\v jointly 1d.th the Institute of f - -= -;I . Agr1cultural ~ c s as ~ diacuased beta · you, Mr. a. F. Donaldson and: Ml". R. c. a>gers 1n April l.97.3. Pl'O.tesaor J. w. tqa,rag and Mr. R. c. a>gera ld.ll ~ out the &mk• • part or t i l e ~ . ... 'I .... Jmcloaed. Institute for part.1.cipaticn in this joint, project. Ir the terms are the pmposed tanna or a contract id.th you:r ,. .aN acceptable to t.ae Institute and U fllY' addit.i.ma or changes to 1 I these terms by the Institute al'9 acoeptable to tbe IBRD, a foiml con.tract ccmtaJ:a:Jng these tams 111.ll be extezxled to t.be ., ' l'.n8titute by tm IBRD tovam t.be end or this mmth. Your . I ! JFIISdiate &tteutJ.ou to tb.ia matter would be great.q appreciated. - " .. - r." ·• ._ . ~ II •. ... ... "" • ... • , Yours sine~, 1 f L J. ·• •1' . • •r :.,.' .... . _ . .. .... \ 11 •I .... • ....._ t'- (O... ...- • :.I . ' "f ' ~ "- ~ ,{ • • ~ J.:. r' I 1,. I ' • • ' ...... l'1_..• l .,_,.. ... 1 ri i ,. 11 • • ... ,If# .. L .._. i ... • .-..l .,,,,,. Ii!"'· l \· : - ,. •• ' ~ 1"\f 1" • , . • . • ·-: i..... ,1 ..--~ .I ..r .._ • . ,:. -- • .i.J , • •. .' r• .. ;rj,..J -' • ~ • rf', . ..,, .i~ ' ~11' • .J r • I .~ • ,,. ~ , • _ I •' ... .I ·, ,.. ... "' .l • I - I~ ) • :;."' ! I - r' 1' • I I •• l :.,._.._ d.'1 ,,...,,4,.,4..,..,....._ I 8- . 11111_· • tr , ~ .._. ;, A II\ •"'! • ·.•. ..._ Yr ~ ~ ' om ~~ ~k. r; ... . > . ~ t ... 1, .,· • - r I • • ., ... 1 u,· _~, r I v,.,:. ,...4-',,'I( .. ) I • I Dl.via1oo Qlief ,;M Lir° .., ..-.',..•,,.~1,, ••, · ·y_j,t 1 "' ·., ~¥a-~~ '.......:.-..,· r.. - • ... · J &· "" t ~·.. -.... · · Hural De'Velopment DivisLcn .,.~_;.,~-.r: ~-..-~ , • • ~ .1- ,·' · ; .J .. • • f ..., .\,· •.-.;.':: P. -' ', • ,. .. ; 7 ., • . ,. . . .,; • ..!; • ~ Developmant- EcoDom1cs Departamt ~ r..,., ., -6!"' -, .~,. t".- . ,.,.._ 'fl" :t•:• -:. I .i. . . . .',. .., .. Lo ;,,. • • ... , • • • ' 1 ,. ... , .. • • .~.. • •• : ~ · • :i J , 11 • .Ill-. . : ~ 1 ,.,._ • I' r• 1',r• • , 1' ...... ' • ~• ', ·c . . . ~··.• r ' . . .• . I A"- ..:,.. ~ t ~ I ·r .,. r· '.i ... -· l'\. • .- , "i- •'- , ._ '" ,_.. •, I I ~' .. , .,• , • ., •-.. I -..a. 'l'""l • ,'Ill ·• r. ~ I ... ...

Darnell Considered All Sporting Goods Stores To Be Roughly Equivalent In Most Ways; However, He Considered Dick’s Sporting Goods Stores To Have An Exceptional Level Of Customer Service. Customer Service, Therefore, Would Be Considered A ________ For Him I (2023)

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